fortifications

fortifications的音标为[fɔːˈtɪfɪkʃənz]，基本翻译为“工事；筑垒；防御工事”，速记技巧为：fort=堡垒+ification（动词后缀，使……化）→筑堡垒。

Fortifications这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语fortis，意为“强壮的”或“坚固的”。这个词在英语中主要用来指防御工事或堡垒等军事设施。

变化形式：在英语中，fortifications通常没有明显的变化形式，但有时在特定的上下文中，它可能会被简化为“forts”或“fortifications”。

相关单词：

1. fortress：意为“堡垒，要塞”，这个词源自拉丁语fortis，意为“强壮的”或“坚固的”。

2. rampart：意为“城墙，防御工事”，这个词源自拉丁语ramus，意为“分支”或“边角”。

3. bastion：意为“堡垒的角楼”，这个词源自法语，意为“刺”，因为早期的堡垒角楼通常有尖锐的角突出。

4. entrenchment：意为“堑壕，战壕”，这个词源自法语和拉丁语，意为“挖沟”。

5. fortified：意为“被加固的”，这个词源自拉丁语fortis，意为“强壮的”或“坚固的”。

6. fortification：意为“防御工事”，这个词直接源自拉丁语fortis，并被直接引入英语中。

7. fortress-building：意为“堡垒建设”，这个词由fortress（堡垒）和building（建设）组成。

8. fortification-system：意为“防御系统”，这个词由fortification（防御工事）和system（系统）组成。

9. fort-keeper：意为“堡垒看守人”，这个词由fort（堡垒）和keeper（看守人）组成。

10. fort-guard：意为“堡垒警卫”，这个词由fort（堡垒）和guard（警卫）组成。

以上这些单词都与fortifications有着密切的联系，它们都反映了防御工事的构建、维护和使用。

常用短语：

1. fortify sth. with sth. 用某物加强某物

2. make fortifications 筑防御工事

3. strengthen fortifications 加强防御工事

4. lay siege to 围攻

5. entrench oneself 挖战壕

6. dig in 挖战壕坚守

7. entrenchment 战壕

双语例句：

1. The enemy is fortifying their position. （敌人正在加强他们的阵地。）

2. We must make immediate fortifications to protect ourselves. （我们必须立即筑防御工事保护自己。）

3. The army laid siege to the city for weeks before breaching its fortifications. （军队围攻城市数周，然后突破了其防御工事。）

4. Dig in, we"re under attack! （挖战壕，我们正在受到攻击！）

5. The soldiers entrench themselves and wait for the enemy to attack. （士兵们挖战壕坚守，等待敌人进攻。）

6. Entrenchment is essential in times of war. （战争时期，战壕是必不可少的。）

7. Fortifications are a crucial part of any defense system. （防御工事是任何防御系统的重要组成部分。）

英文小作文：

Fortifications are an essential part of any defense system, whether it"s a city, a military camp, or even a small village. They provide protection against enemy attack and help to defend against any potential threats. Fortifying a position involves digging trenches, building walls, and creating other types of defensive barriers to protect against incoming fire or other forms of attack.

In times of war, soldiers often dig in and wait for the enemy to attack, while civilians may build shelters and barricades to protect themselves and their families. Fortifications can also include sophisticated weapons systems and other military equipment that can be used to defend against enemy forces.

However, fortifications are not always enough to protect against an overwhelming enemy force, and other measures such as evacuation plans and contingency strategies may need to be implemented in order to ensure the safety of civilians and military personnel. No matter what the situation, fortifications provide a measure of defense and help to ensure that our communities and families are protected from harm.