acth

acth的音标是/"ækth/，基本翻译是ACTH（促肾上腺皮质激素）。速记技巧可以使用谐音法，将其译为“挨吃”，这样有利于记忆。

ACTH (促肾上腺皮质激素) 的英文词源是来自拉丁语 "ad corpusculum cretum" ，意为“到小滴去”。它的变化形式包括原型 ACTH，以及在某些上下文中使用的 A-ACTH 和 ACTH(1-28)。

与 ACTH 相关的单词包括：

1. Adrenaline (肾上腺素)：与 ACTH 一样，肾上腺素也是由肾上腺分泌的激素，它与 ACTH 一起在人体应对压力和刺激方面起着关键作用。

2. Cortisol (皮质醇)：皮质醇是一种主要的应激激素，它在人体应对压力和危机方面起着至关重要的作用。

3. Corticosteroids (皮质类固醇)：这是一个更一般的术语，用于描述所有肾上腺皮质激素，包括 ACTH 和皮质醇。

4. Adrenocortical (肾上腺皮质相关的)：这个术语用于描述与肾上腺皮质激素的分泌、功能和调节有关的任何事物。

5. Hormone Release (激素释放)：ACTH 的主要功能是刺激肾上腺皮质释放皮质醇和其他激素。这个过程在生理和病理学中都非常重要。

以上这些单词都与 ACTH 的功能和作用密切相关，也反映了 ACTH 在人体激素平衡和应激反应中的关键角色。

常用短语：

1. ACTH storm (肾上腺皮质危象)

2. ACTH stimulation test (ACTH兴奋试验)

3. ACTH receptor (ACTH受体)

4. ACTH-secreting tumor (ACTH分泌瘤)

5. ACTH inhibitors (ACTH抑制剂)

6. ACTH-dependent hormones (ACTH依赖激素)

7. ACTH-independent Cushing"s syndrome (非ACTH依赖Cushing综合征)

双语例句：

1. After the surgery, her ACTH levels rose dramatically, indicating a stress response. (手术后，她的ACTH水平急剧上升，表明发生了应激反应。)

2. The patient"s ACTH secretion was found to be elevated, leading to Cushing"s syndrome. (患者的ACTH分泌被发现升高，导致Cushing综合征。)

3. The ACTH inhibitor was effective in reducing the patient"s symptoms, indicating that the condition was caused by excessive ACTH secretion. (使用ACTH抑制剂有效缓解了患者的症状，表明该病是由于ACTH分泌过多引起的。)

4. The patient"s ACTH receptor was found to be abnormal, leading to the development of Cushing"s syndrome. (患者的ACTH受体被发现异常，导致Cushing综合征的发生。)

5. The ACTH-secreting tumor was successfully removed, leading to a significant improvement in the patient"s condition. (ACTH分泌瘤被成功切除，导致患者病情明显改善。)

6. The patient"s ACTH-dependent hormones were found to be elevated, indicating that the condition was caused by an imbalance in the body"s hormone production. (患者的ACTH依赖激素被发现升高，表明身体激素生产不平衡是导致病情的原因。)

7. ACTH-independent Cushing"s syndrome is a rare condition that requires specialized treatment. (非ACTH依赖Cushing综合征是一种罕见病症，需要特殊治疗。)

英文小作文：

The adrenal cortex plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the body, producing hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone in response to various stimuli, including ACTH. However, when the adrenal cortex is dysfunctional, it can lead to various conditions, including Cushing"s syndrome.

Cushing"s syndrome is characterized by excessive production of cortisol, which can result in various symptoms such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. In addition, patients may experience mood swings, sleep disorders, and increased sensitivity to the effects of drugs and alcohol. These symptoms can be alleviated through various treatment methods, including surgery to remove the source of cortisol production or administration of drugs that inhibit cortisol production or action.

ACTH plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Cushing"s syndrome, acting as a stimulus for cortisol production by the adrenal cortex. In some cases, however, Cushing"s syndrome may occur independent of ACTH, due to an abnormality in the adrenal cortex itself or in the receptors that respond to ACTH. Understanding the role of ACTH in Cushing"s syndrome is crucial for effective treatment and management of this condition.