aperture

aperture的音标为[əˈpɜːtʃə(r)]，基本翻译为“孔；孔缝；光圈”，速记技巧为：用a表示孔，p表示中间不闭的空间，r表示边缘闭合的空间。

Aperture这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语apertura，意为“开口，洞”。它的变化形式包括aperture（名词，表示开口、孔洞）、apertural（形容词，表示与开口有关的）、apertively（副词，表示在开口状态下）等。

相关单词：

1. aperture（名词） - 通常指物体上的孔洞或开口，如镜头光圈、眼睛的瞳孔等。

2. camera aperture（摄影机光圈） - 摄影机上控制光线进入的孔洞，影响照片的曝光程度。

3. iris aperture（虹膜孔洞） - 虹膜是瞳孔周围的彩色部分，虹膜孔洞控制光线进入瞳孔的数量。

4. ocular aperture（眼睛的开口） - 眼睛的结构包括一系列的开口，如瞳孔、眼角膜等，这些开口控制光线进入眼睛。

5. aperture diameter（孔径直径） - 在某些光学设备中，如望远镜，aperture指的是设备的孔径直径，它决定了设备能够观察到的星体范围。

以上这些单词都与aperture这个词有着密切的联系，并且通过这个词可以更好地理解它们的意思和用法。

Aperture

常用短语：

1. open aperture

2. maximum aperture

3. f-stop

4. depth of field

5. bokeh

6. iris

7. shooting aperture

双语例句：

1. The camera"s aperture controls how much light reaches the sensor. (相机的光圈决定有多少光线到达传感器。)

2. The lens"s maximum aperture determines how fast it can be stopped down. (镜头最大光圈的大小决定了它需要缩小多少才能达到最佳景深效果。)

3. With a smaller f-stop, the depth of field is greater, resulting in a more blurred background. (f值越小，景深越大，背景越模糊。)

4. The aperture setting determines how much bokeh is created in the background. (光圈大小决定了背景的模糊程度。)

5. The camera"s aperture and shutter speed settings must be carefully balanced for good exposure. (相机光圈和快门速度的设置必须仔细平衡才能获得良好的曝光效果。)

6. The photographer can use the aperture ring to adjust the depth of field, creating a more artistic effect. (摄影师可以利用光圈环来调整景深，创造出更具艺术性的效果。)

7. The aperture setting also affects the amount of light reaching the film or sensor, affecting exposure and color balance. (光圈大小也影响到达胶片或传感器的光线量，从而影响曝光和色彩平衡。)

英文小作文：

Aperture is an important feature in photography that controls how much light reaches the camera"s sensor. A larger aperture allows more light to pass through, while a smaller aperture restricts the amount of light reaching the sensor, resulting in a shallow depth of field and a blurred background. However, adjusting the aperture also affects exposure and color balance, making it an essential feature for achieving desired photographic effects.

In addition to controlling exposure, aperture also affects bokeh, a term used to describe the appearance of out-of-focus areas in a photograph. Aperture size determines how much background blurring is achieved, with a larger aperture resulting in greater background blur and a more artistic effect. Therefore, choosing the correct aperture setting is crucial for achieving desired photographic results.