appositive

appositive的音标是[ˈæpozɪtɪv]，基本翻译是“同位语”，速记技巧是“啊破急体”。在句子中，同位语用于解释、说明某一名词或代词的意义。通常由一个名词或代词充当，与所修饰的名词或代词构成同位关系。同位语与被它同位的词常常是同形或近形的，但它们的地位和作用不同。同位语仅用来解释说明被它同位的词，它不能单独充当句子成分。

以下是10个英文单词及其词源、变化形式和相关单词的解释，供您参考：

1. name（名字）：来自拉丁语“nomen”，意为“名称”或“名字”。变化形式有复数names，过去式named，现在分词named。相关单词有nameless（无名的），nameless和named都与名字有关。

2. color（颜色）：来自拉丁语“color”，意为“颜色”或“肤色”。变化形式有复数colors，过去式colored，现在分词coloring。相关单词有colorful（丰富多彩的），colorless（无色的）等。

3. man（男人）：来自原始印欧语“men”，意为“人类”或“男人”。变化形式有复数men，过去式was/were man，现在分词maning。相关单词有woman（女人），human（人类的）等。

4. book（书）：来自拉丁语“libro”，意为“书籍”或“书本”。变化形式有复数books，过去式read books，现在分词reading。相关单词有novel（小说），dictionary（词典）等。

5. family（家庭）：来自拉丁语“familia”，意为“家庭”或“家族”。变化形式有复数families，过去式was/were family，现在分词familizing。相关单词有home（家），household（家庭）等。

6. fruit（水果）：来自拉丁语“fructus”，意为“果实”或“水果”。变化形式有复数fruits，过去式was/were fruit，现在分词fruiting。相关单词有juice（果汁），berry（浆果）等。

7. bed（床）：来自古英语“bed”，意为“床”或“床铺”。变化形式有复数beds，过去式lay bed，现在分词bedding。相关单词有night-bed（夜床），bedroom（卧室）等。

8. world（世界）：来自拉丁语“mundus”，意为“世界”或“宇宙”。变化形式有复数worlds，过去式was/were world，现在分词worlding。相关单词有universe（宇宙），global（全球的）等。

9. river（河流）：来自拉丁语“rīvis”，意为“水流”或“河流”。变化形式有复数rivers，过去式was/were river，现在分词rivers。相关单词有stream（小溪），flood（洪水）等。

10. sun（太阳）：来自拉丁语“sol”，意为“太阳”或“日光”。变化形式有复数suns，过去式was/were sun，现在分词sunning。相关单词有moon（月亮），planet（行星）等。

以上这些单词都是基于不同的词源演变而来，并且它们在英语中都有着广泛的应用和意义。

Appositive短语示例：

1. The beautiful blue sky

2. The lovely little dog

3. The wise old man

4. The kind young woman

5. The smart new car

6. The delicious cup of coffee

7. The bright yellow jacket

短语示例：

1. 蓝天下的我们正在享受阳光沙滩。

2. 小狗在草地上欢快地奔跑。

3. 老人的智慧常常被人们所敬仰。

4. 那位年轻女子总是乐于助人。

5. 新车在路上疾驰，引人注目。

6. 咖啡的香气弥漫在空气中，令人陶醉。

7. 黄色夹克衫在人群中格外显眼。

英文小作文：

Appositives are words or phrases that describe a noun or pronoun and provide additional information about it. I like to use appositives in my writing to add more detail and make my sentences more descriptive.

Today, I was walking along the beach with my dog when I noticed a beautiful blue sky overhead. The sun was shining brightly and the waves were gently rolling in. I took a moment to enjoy the scenery and my dog, who was running around playing fetch with his ball.

Then, I noticed an old man walking towards me with a wise look on his face. He greeted me with a friendly smile and we started to chat about the weather and the beach. I found his wisdom and experience to be very inspiring and I left feeling enriched by his company.

Later that day, I met a young woman who was kind and compassionate towards others. She helped me find a parking spot and we chatted about our lives and interests. I found her kindness and compassion to be very refreshing and I left feeling empowered by her company.

In conclusion, appositives are an effective way to add more detail and description to your writing. They help to make your sentences more vivid and engaging, which can make your writing more captivating and enjoyable for readers.