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英语音标及字母组合对照1.元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i)three tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speakclean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [ I ]发音字母i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big buildmissmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [ æ ] 发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad blackback glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合ea e a (ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson betterbed desk hotel yesmany any5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ε] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washingtoncontrol politearound account ago elephant manta banana CanadaJapan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ ʌ ] 发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ɔ: ]字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [ ɔ ] ([ɒ])发音字母o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch11) [u:] 字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude12) [u] 字母组合oo ou u olook good foot book woodshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loudaround mouseflower down now cow how town16) [εu] 发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iε] 字母组合eer earbeer deerear nearhere fierce idea19) [ ɛə ] ([eə])字母组合ear air erepear bearchair air fairthere wherecare20) [uε] [auə]字母组合our owerhour tourflower shower
【关于英语发音】首先,要学会“超慢速”的英语发音,谁的发音能最慢,谁的发音就能最好,就好像骑自行车一样,谁骑得最慢,谁的技术就最高。语言的发音具有“慢学快用”的特点,超慢速发音把发音的细节全部暴露出来,进而一一学会。快速发音把一切发音细节全胡弄过去了,表面上看是流利,其实是假流利,很多人的流利英语发音外国人根本听不懂,一放慢就千疮百孔要不得了。请记住:一快遮百丑,一慢解千愁。其次,在“超慢速”发音的前提下,学会后部发声的7 字要领,这7 字要领也是后部发声的7 个方面,英语发音在这7 个方面与汉语发音截然相反,它们是:声、型、气、力、音、节、调1.声:声音偏低、粘长。英语是用低嗓音来说话的。2.型:口腔前部的嘴唇收拢,要想口腔后部发声,就得收住口腔前部,收住嘴唇和牙齿的过大开合运动。3.气:轻柔用气,压抑住爆破音,学会轻发辅音。汉语发音用力重、用气冲,英语发音用力轻、用气柔,并有“美声吐字”特征。说英语时要改“吹气”发音为“吸气”发音,对蜡烛说英语时火苗要不动,对手掌说英语时要无太重的吹气感。4.力:轻柔用力,压抑住爆破音,学会轻发费力费气的辅音,控发头辅音,轻发尾辅音,减弱用力过猛的舌尖强挤压音,拉长并饱满元音的发音,压抑爆破音,美声吐字发音。5.音:学会发偏低、粘长、以元音为主的舌根音。英语是一种舌根音语言,很多音是靠舌根用力发出的,说英语时就好像是在用舌根跟别人讲话,不会舌根运动,就发不准英语音。请大家用下一节的语音大表学会发英语的舌根音。6.节:即节奏,或叫弹性发音,指一组一组地发音,每组音里有一个重音,其他的音都是轻音,这样发音减小了发音的工作量。7.调:婉转起伏,自然优美,不拐弯的英语是难听的。语音知识:1) 字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u2) 音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48 音素。即20 个元音音素和28 个辅音音素.3) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20 元音。4) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28 辅音。5) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap"ple,stu"dent,tea"cher,un"der"stand。6) 开音节: a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due;b) 辅音+元音he,go,hi。7) 闭音节: a) 辅音+元音+辅音bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+辅音it。8) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。读音规则1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)。2) 非重读音节[ ] banana,student,today,after,[i] orange,secret,evening,very,Monday。特殊读音1)音的连读:前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。not at all,half an hour,I love you and all、after all。2)失去爆破:辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破。good girl,good student,good job,expression,school,extreme。3)音的同化:两个特殊的音碰到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音。Would you do it? I am glad to meet you、Can"t you see it? lastyear,this year。重音A)双音节词a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter,sorry。b)有a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans-等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音。a"bout,be"lieve,ad"dress,de"cide,re"port,con"demn,res"pect,com"pare,in"form,dis"cuss,im"press,mis"take,en"force,pre"pare,em"ploy,per"mit,es"cape,pro"duce,ex"claim,trans"latec)有de-,in-,re-,con-,pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的词性在第二个音节上。"record,re"cord; "insult,in"sult; "conduct,con"duct; "present pre"sent; "content,con"tent。d)有些复合词和带有前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词,有两个重音。"out"side , "re"tell , "well-"known , "un"real , "fif"teen , "Chi"nese ,"pre-"war,"post-"war。B)多音节词a) 一般倒数第三个音节是重音。"difficult , "communist , "family ,e"conomy,oppor"tunity,de"mocracy。b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音"carefully , in"definite , "comfortable , con"ductor , ac"cording ,dis"turbance,"complicated,es"tablishment。c)词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,ive 后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour"teous,cal"ligraphy,edi"torial,his"torian,peri"odic,mathe"matics,ex"perience,suf"ficient,i"dentify,trans"lation,re"ligious,curi"osity,pro"tective。d)词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette 后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音。enter"tain,emplo"yee,mountai"neer,Japa"nese,ciga"rette。【英语学习窍门】动词为纲“滚雪球” 难易编组抓循环同类归纳印象深图示介词最直观混淆多因形音义反义词语成对念构词方法不可忘习惯用语集中练词不离句法最好课外阅读莫间断
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