derail

derail的音标为[dɪ"reɪl] ，基本翻译为“脱轨；使出轨；破坏；放弃”，速记技巧为：derail也有“破坏”的意思，可以联想到railrailway铁路，铁路轨道被破坏了火车就会出轨。

Derail这个词的词源可以追溯到法语和荷兰语，它表示“偏离轨道”或“出轨”。这个词在英语中仍然保留着其原始的含义。

Derail的变化形式有复数形式derailments，过去式derailed，过去分词derailed，现在分词derailing，以及它的名词形式derailment。

相关单词有：

1. Disruption - 这个词在英语中表示“破坏、中断”，它的词源和derail有相似之处，都与轨道有关。

2. Escalate - 这个词表示“升级、扩大”，它的词源可以追溯到法语和拉丁语，与火车的上升有关。

3. Derailment - 这个词表示火车出轨或偏离轨道的事件，它是一个名词形式。

4. Rebound - 这个词表示物体反弹或回弹，它的词源可以追溯到法语和德语，与火车的轨道有关。

5. Derailer - 这个词可以指火车的出轨装置或阻止某人偏离轨道的人或物。

以上这些单词都与derail这个词有着密切的联系，它们在英语中都有着丰富的含义和应用。

常用短语：

1. derail from topic

2. derail one"s train of thought

3. derail a project

4. derail a relationship

5. derail a career

6. derail a train

7. derail a train of thought

例句：

1. The conversation was derailed by a sudden argument about politics.

2. His speech was derailed by a technical glitch.

3. The project was derailed by a series of unexpected setbacks.

4. Their relationship was derailed by his infidelity.

5. Her career was derailed by a sudden illness.

6. The train was derailed by a landslide.

7. I couldn"t get my thoughts to stay on topic, they were constantly derailing.

英文小作文：

When it comes to success, many people believe that we should stay focused and avoid derailing our train of thought. However, it is not always easy to do so, especially when faced with various challenges and obstacles. In fact, sometimes we need to take a step back and evaluate our goals and objectives to ensure that we are on the right track.

On the other hand, derailing can also be a positive thing in certain situations. For example, if we encounter a roadblock that forces us to reevaluate our approach or approach a new perspective, it can lead to valuable insights and new opportunities. Similarly, derailing can also help us avoid being stuck in a rut and keep us from getting too comfortable with our current situation.

Therefore, it is important to maintain a healthy balance between staying focused and derailing our thoughts from time to time. By doing so, we can avoid getting stuck in a negative cycle and stay open to new possibilities and opportunities that may arise along the way.