anticholinergic

anticholinergic的音标为[ˌæntɪkəˈlɪənɪri]（发音为：英 [ˌæntɪkəˈlɪəniri]），基本翻译为“抗胆碱能的”，速记技巧为“反胆碱能”。

Anticholinergic这个词源自希腊语词根ant-和chole-，分别表示反对和胆或胆碱。这个词在英语中主要被用来描述那些阻止胆碱能神经传导的药物或现象。

变化形式：在英语中，这个词通常被缩写成ant-或anti-，表示反对或相反的意思。

相关单词：

1. Antihistamine：抗组胺药，用于对抗组胺引起的过敏反应。

2. Anticholinergic-muscarinic receptor blocker：抗胆碱能M受体阻断剂，用于治疗青光眼和前列腺增生等疾病。

3. Anticholinergic syndrome：抗胆碱能综合征，一种神经性疾病，症状包括视力模糊、口干、便秘等。

4. Anticholinergic-associated hallucination：抗胆碱能相关幻觉，一种精神疾病症状，由抗胆碱能药物引起。

5. Anticholinergic-induced cognitive impairment：抗胆碱能引起的认知障碍，由抗胆碱能药物引起的认知功能损害。

6. Anticholinergic burden：抗胆碱能负担，指长期使用抗胆碱能药物对健康的影响。

7. Anticholinergic overdose：抗胆碱能过量中毒，指因过量使用抗胆碱能药物导致的中毒。

8. Anticholinergic-related constipation：抗胆碱能相关便秘，由抗胆碱能药物引起的便秘。

9. Anticholinergic-associated urinary retention：抗胆碱能相关尿潴留，由抗胆碱能药物引起的排尿困难。

10. Anticholinergic-induced agitation：抗胆碱能引起的躁动，由抗胆碱能药物引起的情绪激动或躁动。

以上这些单词都与anticholinergic这个词有着密切的联系，反映了其在医学和药物学中的广泛应用和重要性。

常用短语：

1. anticholinergic drugs

2. anticholinergic effect

3. anticholinergic syndrome

4. anticholinergic burden

5. high anticholinergic load

6. high anticholinergic risk

7. low anticholinergic risk

双语例句：

1. Anticholinergic drugs can have negative effects on the central nervous system.

2. High anticholinergic load can indicate the presence of dementia or other cognitive impairment.

3. Anticholinergic drugs should be used with caution in elderly patients with urinary incontinence.

4. Anticholinergic syndrome is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.

5. The use of anticholinergic drugs should be carefully monitored to ensure safety and effectiveness.

6. Low anticholinergic risk medications are generally safer and more effective alternatives.

英文小作文：

Anticholinergic drugs are commonly used medications that block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter in the brain and body. These drugs are often used to treat various conditions such as urinary incontinence, constipation, and depression, but they can also have negative effects on the central nervous system and cognitive function. High anticholinergic load, which indicates the presence of excessive medication use with anticholinergic effects, can indicate the presence of dementia or other cognitive impairment, and should be carefully monitored to ensure safety and effectiveness. On the other hand, low anticholinergic risk medications are generally safer and more effective alternatives for treatment, and it is important to choose medications carefully and avoid overuse of anticholinergic drugs wherever possible.