antinomy

"Antinomy" 的音标为 [ˌæntɪˈnɑːmi] ，中文翻译为“反论、自相矛盾”。

速记技巧：可以利用拼音记忆法，将单词拆分为“an”（表示反对、反对者）和 “nomo”（音译为“论”或“矛盾”）两部分，组合起来即为“反论”。

Antinomy (矛盾律)这个词源于希腊语，意思是“反对者”或“矛盾者”。它的词源可以追溯到古希腊哲学家亚里士多德，他在逻辑学中提出了矛盾律，即两个或多个陈述不能同时为真，否则就会产生矛盾。

变化形式：名词形式通常为antinomian，形容词形式为antinomial。

相关单词：

1. Paradox (悖论)：这个词与antinomy类似，都是一种逻辑上的矛盾，指的是一个陈述或想法似乎是正确的，但同时又似乎是错误的，具有出乎意料或自相矛盾的含义。

2. Self-reference (自我参照)：自我参照悖论是一种特殊的矛盾，涉及到自我指涉的问题，如“这个句子是否包含自我指涉？”这种问题本身就包含了矛盾。

3. Self-contradiction (自相矛盾)：这个词直接来源于拉丁语，表示自己和自己矛盾的意思，通常用来描述一个人的言行不一致。

4. Contradiction (矛盾)：这是矛盾律的核心，表示两个或多个陈述不能同时为真，否则就会产生逻辑上的冲突。

5. Paradoxical (矛盾的)：这个词用来形容某种行为、态度或情况具有自相矛盾的特点。

6. Antinomic (反律的)：这个词用来形容某种情况或状态具有矛盾或冲突的特点。

7. Antinomy of Reason (理性矛盾)：这是黑格尔哲学中的一个概念，指的是理性内部的矛盾和冲突。

8. Antinomy of Will (意志矛盾)：这是叔本华哲学中的一个概念，指的是意志内部的矛盾和冲突。

9. Antinomianism (反律主义)：这个词用来形容一种思想或行为违反了社会规范或道德准则。

10. Antinomialism (反律论)：这个词用来形容一种政治或哲学观点，认为社会规范或道德准则是不合理的，需要推翻或改变。

常用短语：

1. self-contradiction 自相矛盾

2. logical inconsistency 逻辑矛盾

3. paradox 悖论

4. antinomy 矛盾律

5. antinomy hypothesis 矛盾律假设

6. antinomy of the syllogism 三段论矛盾

7. antinomy of the concept 概念矛盾律

例句：

1. The politician"s claim to be honest while accepting a bribe is a self-contradiction.

2. The scientist"s claim that his theory explains everything, yet fails to account for the very phenomena it claims to explain, is an example of logical inconsistency.

3. The philosopher"s paradoxical statement about an arrow flying towards the moon is an example of paradox.

4. The antinomy of the syllogism is resolved by recognizing that the premises of the argument are mutually exclusive and, therefore, cannot both be true.

5. The concept of antinomy is used in mathematics to identify cases where two or more statements that seem to be true at the same time are actually mutually exclusive and incompatible.

6. The scientist"s claim that his theory is self-evident is an example of an antinomy hypothesis.

7. The existence of antinomy in a syllogism is a logical flaw that invalidates the argument.

英文小作文：

Title: Paradoxes and Antinomy

Paradoxes and antinomy are two fundamental concepts in philosophy and logic that often arise in our reasoning and understanding of the world around us. Paradoxes are statements or situations that seem to have contradictory implications, while antinomy refers to logical inconsistency or self-contradiction within a system of reasoning or statements.

For instance, consider the arrow paradox, where an arrow flies towards the moon, which is beyond the realm of the earth"s influence, but at the same time, it is propelled by a force that comes from the earth"s gravity. This seems to be a contradiction in terms, but it is an example of a paradoxical statement that highlights the inherent complexity and ambiguity of our worldview.

On the other hand, antinomy occurs when two or more statements seem to be true at the same time, but they are actually mutually exclusive and incompatible with each other. This can arise in syllogistic reasoning or scientific theories where assumptions or premises are mutually exclusive and cannot both be true at the same time. Therefore, it invalidates the reasoning process and leads to confusion and uncertainty in our understanding of the world.

Paradoxes and antinomy are important tools for critical thinking and analytical reasoning, as they help us identify gaps in our knowledge, question assumptions, and challenge our preconceived notions about reality. They also serve as reminders that our understanding of the world is always partial and limited by our cognitive limitations and biases. Therefore, we should always remain open-minded and skeptical about our assumptions and conclusions, and strive to gain a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the world around us.