by-

by的音标是[baɪ]。基本翻译是“在旁边；在附近；在附近某处；到附近某处；在旁边或在附近时；在旁边或附近时；通过；经由；在…旁边；在…身边；在…旁地；在…边；凭借；用…的方法；以…的形式”。速记技巧是：可以联想记忆，如“比呀”来记字母。

by-的英文词源可以追溯到古英语byre，意为牛棚或牛圈。这个词经过演变和变化，形成了现代英语中的by-。

变化形式：通常以-by结尾，如by-product（副产品）、by-pass（旁路）、by-line（副线）等。

相关单词：

1. by-product：副产品，指生产过程中不期望得到的但可作其他用途的产品。这个词可以指代化学、工业、农业等多个领域的非主要产品。例如，化肥厂的副产品包括硫酸铵、氯化钾等。

2. by-pass：旁路，指绕过某个障碍物或绕过某个系统的一部分。这个词可以指代工程、医学、交通等多个领域的方法或技术，如心脏搭桥手术是一种旁路手术，旨在改善心脏的血液循环。

3. by-line：副标题，指新闻或文章的附属标题。这个词强调的是新闻或文章的辅助说明，帮助读者更好地理解文章的主题。

除此之外，还有bygone（过去的）、bypasser-by（过路人）、by-and-by（不久的将来）等相关的单词。这些单词都与by-有某种关联，表示“副的”、“附属的”或“额外的”之意。

by-在英语中是一个非常常见的词缀，它经常出现在各种产品名称、公司名称、机构名称等商业领域中，用以表示该产品或服务是附属的、附加的或额外的。同时，它也经常出现在各种技术、工程、医学等领域中，用以描述某种方法、技术或策略是辅助的、次要的或额外的。

常用短语：

1. by chance/coincidence

例句：I met my old friend by chance on the street today.

2. by oneself

例句：I had to do it by myself.

3. by the way

例句：By the way, what time do you usually get up?

4. in a hurry/in a rush

例句：I had to leave in a hurry as I had an important meeting to attend.

5. all by oneself

例句：She did all the work herself without any help.

6. in order to/so as to

例句：I study hard in order to succeed in my career.

7. beyond doubt/no doubt

例句：The movie was beyond doubt a great success.

英文小作文：

标题：The Importance of Self-Confidence

Self-confidence is a crucial factor in achieving success in life. Without it, we may feel overwhelmed by challenges and obstacles, and may fail to take advantage of opportunities that come our way. On the other hand, when we have self-confidence, we are able to face challenges head-on, approach opportunities with courage, and ultimately achieve our goals.

In my opinion, self-confidence is essential for success in all aspects of life, whether it"s academic, professional, or personal relationships. It helps us to believe in our abilities and talents, and encourages us to pursue our dreams with courage and determination. By developing self-confidence, we can overcome any obstacle that stands in our way, and achieve our goals with ease and confidence.