catheter

catheter的音标是["kæθɪtə(r)]，基本翻译是导管，速记技巧是“卡西他儿”有助于快速记忆。

Catheter的英文词源可以追溯到拉丁语中的“cathector”，意为导管或管道。其变化形式包括名词catheter（导管）和形容词catheteric（导管的）。

相关单词：

Fiber-optic catheter（光纤导光导管）：一种用于医疗诊断和治疗的导管，利用光纤传输光束，可以照亮人体内部组织，进行诊断和治疗。

Balloon catheter（气球导管）：一种用于扩张血管或器官的导管，通过充气来扩张目标部位。

Urinary catheter（尿道导管）：用于留置尿液的导管，常用于尿潴留或需要长期导尿的患者。

Puncture catheter（穿刺导管）：用于医学影像学检查中，如超声或X光检查时，进行穿刺操作的导管。

Swan-Ganz catheter（斯旺-甘兹导管）：一种特殊的导管，用于监测呼吸衰竭和循环衰竭等严重疾病的患者。

Peripheral catheter（周围导管）：指插入身体周围血管的导管，如静脉导管。

Intravascular catheter（血管内导管）：指插入血管内的导管，用于输送药物、测量血液参数或引导手术操作。

Endotracheal catheter（气管内导管）：用于气管插管手术中，连接呼吸机的导管，帮助患者呼吸。

Transurethral catheter（尿道膀胱腔内导管）：用于尿道膀胱手术中，连接手术器械的导管，帮助手术操作。

以上这些相关单词都说明了catheter这个词在医疗领域中的广泛应用和重要性。

常用短语：

1. urinary catheter 尿道导管

2. central venous catheter 中心静脉导管

3. nasogastric catheter 鼻胃管

4. chest tube 胸腔引流管

5. arterial catheter 动脉导管

6. endotracheal catheter 气管导管

7. intravenous catheter 静脉导管

例句：

1. The patient is currently being kept under observation with a urinary catheter inserted.

2. The patient was admitted with a central venous catheter inserted for treatment of septic shock.

3. The doctor inserted a nasogastric catheter into the patient"s nose to alleviate his nausea and vomiting.

4. The chest tube was inserted during surgery to drain the patient"s pleural effusion.

5. The patient"s blood pressure remained unstable, so an arterial catheter was inserted for continuous monitoring of blood pressure.

6. The patient was intubated and placed on a ventilator after suffering from respiratory failure due to pneumonia.

7. The patient received intravenous fluids through a peripheral intravenous catheter.

英文小作文：

Catheterization is a common medical procedure used in various parts of the body to provide access for various purposes such as monitoring, treatment, or drainage. Urinary catheters are commonly used to drain urine from the bladder, while central venous catheters are inserted into the large veins to provide access for IV fluids and medications. Nasogastric catheters are used to provide access for feeding or decompression of the stomach, while chest tubes are inserted to drain fluid from the pleural cavity after surgery or trauma.

Catheterization plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions, and it is essential to ensure proper insertion and care of the catheters to avoid complications such as infection or bleeding. Understanding the various types of catheters and their uses is crucial for effective patient care.