cohort study

cohort study的音标为[ˈkəʊhəʊstɪv] ，基本翻译为“群集研究”或“成组研究”。速记技巧可以是：可以谐音记作“靠胸丝”。

Cohort study的英文词源可以追溯到拉丁语中的“cohors”，意为“一群人”。这个词在英语中演变为了“cohort”或“cohort study”，用于描述一种特定的研究方法，即对一组特定人群进行长期追踪观察，以研究其特定事件的发生率或变化趋势。

相关单词：

1. Cohort (n.) - 指一组特定人群或群体，通常用于描述需要进行长期追踪观察的研究对象。

2. Longitudinal (adj.) - 意为“纵向的”，用于描述一种研究方法，即对同一组人群在不同时间点进行追踪观察。

3. Follow-up (n.) - 意为“后续”，用于描述对研究对象进行追踪观察的过程。

4. Retrospective (adj.) - 意为“回顾性的”，用于描述对过去事件或数据进行追溯研究的方法。

5. Prospective (adj.) - 意为“前瞻性的”，用于描述一种对未来事件或数据进行预测或计划的研究方法。

Cohort study作为一种重要的研究方法，可以帮助我们更好地理解特定事件在不同人群中的发生率和变化趋势，为公共卫生政策制定和干预措施提供有力支持。

Cohort study常用短语：

1. follow-up cohort研究随访队列

2. incidence cohort 发生队列

3. nested cohort 嵌套队列

4. matched cohort匹配队列

5. nested case-control study 嵌套病例对照研究

6. case-cohort study病例队列研究

7. extended cohort study 扩展队列研究

双语例句：

1. The cohort study showed that exercise could reduce the risk of heart disease. (该队列研究显示，运动可以降低患心脏病的风险。)

2. The follow-up cohort study found that smoking was a significant risk factor for lung cancer. (随访队列研究发现吸烟是肺癌的一个显著危险因素。)

3. The incidence cohort study found that the incidence of diabetes was higher among people with a family history of the disease. (发生队列研究发现，有糖尿病家族史的人糖尿病发病率更高。)

4. The nested case-control study found that exposure to toxic chemicals was a significant risk factor for cancer. (嵌套病例对照研究发现接触有毒化学物质是癌症的一个显著危险因素。)

5. The matched cohort study found that diet and exercise were more effective in reducing the risk of heart disease than medication. (匹配队列研究发现，饮食和运动比药物更有效地降低患心脏病的风险。)

6. The extended cohort study found that participation in physical activity was associated with a longer lifespan. (扩展队列研究发现参加体育活动与长寿有关。)

7. The nested case-control study found that exposure to environmental toxins was a significant risk factor for chronic diseases. (嵌套病例对照研究发现接触环境毒素是慢性疾病的一个显著危险因素。)

英文小作文：

Title: Cohort Study: A Tool for Understanding Health Risks and Preventing Diseases

Cohort studies are a type of research that follows a group of individuals over time to observe their health outcomes and behaviors. This type of research is useful for identifying risk factors for diseases and other health conditions, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions and policies aimed at preventing these conditions.

One advantage of cohort studies is that they allow for the comparison of individuals who are similar in terms of their characteristics but who differ in terms of their health outcomes or behaviors. This comparison can help to identify factors that are specific to the condition being studied and can inform the development of targeted interventions and policies.

Another benefit of cohort studies is that they can provide insights into the effects of environmental factors on health. By following individuals over time and observing their exposure to various environmental toxins, pollutants, and other hazards, cohort studies can help to identify risks and inform efforts to reduce these risks through policy or environmental changes.

Overall, cohort studies are an important tool for understanding the risks of various diseases and conditions and for developing and evaluating interventions and policies aimed at preventing these conditions. They provide a valuable source of information for public health professionals and researchers seeking to improve the health of populations.