apertures

apertures的音标为[əˈpɜːtʃə(r)]，基本翻译为“孔；孔洞；开启；开口”，速记技巧为“ap-er-tures”表示“开孔”。

Aperture这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语apertura，意为“开口，洞”。它的变化形式包括aperture（名词，表示孔洞，开口），apertural（形容词，表示与孔洞或开口有关的），以及apertively（副词，表示在孔洞或开口处）。

相关单词包括：

1. aperture（孔径）：指物体表面上开口或孔洞的大小。

2. iris aperture（光圈）：在摄影中，光圈是镜头上可控制的孔径，用来控制光线量。

3. slit aperture（狭缝光圈）：在光学中，狭缝光圈是指像狭缝一样的光线路径，通常用于控制光的强度和方向。

4. ocular aperture（眼睛孔径）：在生物学中，眼睛的孔径可以影响视觉效果。

5. aperture angle（孔角）：在光学中，孔角是描述光线通过小孔或狭缝时的角度。

这些相关单词都与aperture这个词有着密切的联系，并且可以用来描述各种与开口或孔洞有关的现象和概念。

常用短语：

1. large aperture 大口径

2. small aperture 小口径

3. focal length aperture 焦距光圈

4. iris aperture 瞳孔光圈

5. adjustable aperture 可调光圈

6. fixed aperture 固定光圈

7. wide-open aperture 全开光圈

双语例句：

1. The telescope has a large aperture, making it ideal for observing distant objects.

2. The camera lens has a small aperture, making it difficult to capture a clear image in low light conditions.

3. The camera"s adjustable aperture allows for precise control over exposure and depth of field.

4. The sun"s bright light caused my iris to close, reducing the amount of light entering my eyes.

5. The camera"s fixed aperture limits its versatility, making it difficult to capture a wide range of scenes effectively.

6. The wide-open aperture of the lens allowed for maximum light gathering, resulting in a clear and bright image.

7. The photographer used the wide-open aperture to create a shallow depth of field, emphasizing the subject and blurring the background.

英文小作文：

Title: The Magic of Aperture

Aperture is an essential component of photography and other optical devices, determining how much light enters the lens and how much is captured by the sensor. A large aperture allows more light to enter, resulting in a brighter and clearer image, while a small aperture can result in blurred images in low light conditions.

In photography, the choice of aperture also affects depth of field, with a larger aperture resulting in a shallower depth of field, which can be used to emphasize the subject and blur the background. Conversely, a smaller aperture results in a greater depth of field, allowing more elements in the background to be captured clearly.

Adjustable aperture allows for precise control over exposure, making it possible to capture images in various lighting conditions with ease. Fixed apertures, on the other hand, are less versatile and may limit the photographer"s creativity when trying to capture a wide range of scenes effectively.

In conclusion, aperture plays a crucial role in optical devices and photography, determining how much light enters the lens, how much is captured by the sensor, and how much depth of field is captured by the camera. Understanding aperture and its effects is essential for creating beautiful and effective images.