appal

appal的音标是[əˈpɑːl]，基本意思是“使惊恐，使惊慌”，也可以表示“使失望，使沮丧”。速记技巧是利用字母的相似性来记忆这个单词。例如，可以将“ap”看作是“蚂蚁”，将“pa”看作是“蜘蛛”，这样就可以将这个单词与昆虫联系起来，方便记忆。

Appal这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语apparere，意为“出现”或“出现的样子”。这个词在英语中通常被用作动词，表示“使惊奇”或“使惊讶”。

变化形式：在词形上，appal这个单词通常没有明显的变化形式。它是一个比较纯粹的动词，主要通过词义的变化来表达不同的含义。

相关单词：

astonish（使惊奇）：这个词与appal有相似的含义，都表示使对方感到惊讶。它来自拉丁语的另一个动词astu，意为“我惊奇”。

shock（震惊）：这个词的含义与appal相似，都表示对某件事情感到震惊。它来自古英语中的另一个单词sceacgan，意为“震惊”。

surprise（惊讶）：这个词的含义与appal最为接近。它来自中世纪英语的surprize，意为“突然出现”。

awaken（唤醒）：这个词的含义是使某人从睡眠中醒来。它来自古英语中的另一个单词awen，意为“唤醒”。

alarm（惊恐）：这个词的含义是使某人感到惊恐。它来自拉丁语的另一个单词alarmum，意为“警报”。

以上这些单词都与appal这个单词有相似的含义，都表示使某人感到惊讶或惊恐。这些单词在英语中都有广泛的使用，并且可以用来描述各种不同的情境和情感。

常用短语：

1. appal the conscience

2. appal the world

3. appal oneself at the sight of

4. appal one"s heart

5. appal one"s soul

6. appal sb"s mind

7. appal sb"s judgment

例句：

1. The news appalled the conscience of the nation.

2. The sight of the burning building appalled me.

3. The thought of my mother being raped appalled my mind.

4. The news appalled my family and friends.

5. The fact that he had committed such a heinous crime appalled everyone.

6. The decision to close the factory appalled many workers.

7. The decision to appoint a stranger to the post appalled many people.

英文小作文：

Appal at the reality of climate change

In today"s world, we are facing a grave reality that is beyond our control - climate change. The increasingly severe weather patterns, rising sea levels, and dwindling natural resources are all a stark reminder of the impact that we are having on our planet. It is truly appalling to see how our actions are affecting the very life support system that we rely on for survival.

The impact of climate change is felt on every level - from individuals to entire nations. It is disheartening to see how some nations are being left behind while others profit from the misery of others. We must stand up and speak out against this injustice, and work towards a more sustainable future that is fair and equitable for all.

It is time to appal ourselves at the reality of climate change and take action to address it. Only then can we hope to leave a better world for future generations.