electrophilic

electrophilic的音标是[ɪˌlektrəʊfaɪlɪk]，基本翻译为“亲电的”。速记技巧：利用元音字母e和辅音字母l的发音快速记忆。

Electrophilic这个词源于希腊语，意思是“电亲和的”。它的变化形式包括名词electrophile（电亲和物）和形容词electrophilic（电亲和的）。

相关单词：

1. Electron（电子）：源自希腊语中的“电子”，指带负电荷的基本粒子，是化学和物理学的常用术语。

2. Electronegativity（电负性）：这个术语用来描述元素的原子对电子的吸引力，其变化形式是electrophilic。

3. Electrophoresis（电泳）：这是一个化学术语，指带电粒子在电场中的移动。这个词来源于希腊语中的“电”和“迁移”。

4. Electrochemistry（电化学）：这个学科研究带电粒子与化学反应之间的相互作用，其名称来源于希腊语和化学的结合。

5. Electronaffinity（电子亲和力）：这个术语用来描述原子或分子从电子中吸引电子的能力，它也是electrophilic的一个变化形式。

6. Electrophilicreactivity（电亲和反应性）：这个术语用来描述物质对电亲和的反应能力。

7. Acid（酸）：这个词来源于拉丁语，表示具有电亲和性的物质，通常指能够释放氢离子的化合物。

8. Alkali（碱）：这个词来源于阿拉伯语，表示具有碱性特性的物质，通常指能够吸收氢离子的化合物。

9. Electrondonor（电子供体）：这个词用来描述能够提供电子的物质，与electronacceptor（电子受体）相对。

10. Electronacceptor（电子受体）：这个词用来描述能够接收电子的物质，与electrondonor相对。

常用短语：

1. electrophilic aromatic substitution

2. electrophilic aromatic ring opening

3. electrophilic aromatic coupling

4. electrophilic substitution reaction

5. electrophilic aromatic insertion

6. electrophilic aromatic substitution with hydrogen

7. electrophilic aromatic substitution with halogen

例句：

1. Electrophilic aromatic substitution occurs when a highly electronegative atom or group attaches to an aromatic ring.

2. The electron-rich aromatic ring is attacked by a highly electronegative electrophile, resulting in the substitution of the original substituent with the new one.

3. Electrophilic aromatic ring opening is a common reaction in organic synthesis, which can be used to generate new functional groups.

4. Electrophilic aromatic coupling is a key reaction in organic synthesis, which can be used to construct complex molecules.

5. Electrophilic substitution reaction is a common method for introducing new functional groups into organic compounds.

6. Electron-withdrawing groups can enhance the reactivity of an electrophile towards an aromatic ring, leading to more efficient electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

7. Electrophilic aromatic substitution with hydrogen and halogen are commonly used in organic synthesis to introduce new chemical functionality into organic compounds.

英文小作文：

Electrophilic Substitution Reactions in Organic Synthesis

Electrophilic substitution reactions are a common method for introducing new chemical functionality into organic compounds. These reactions involve the attack of highly electronegative electrophiles on electron-rich aromatic rings, resulting in the substitution of the original substituent with the new one. This process is crucial in organic synthesis, as it allows for the construction of complex molecules and the introduction of various functional groups into compounds.

One example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction is the use of halogens and hydrogen to introduce new functionality into organic compounds. This process can be used to create biologically active compounds, pharmaceuticals, and other useful materials. Another example is the use of electrophiles such as sulfur dioxide and oxygen to introduce new functional groups into organic compounds, which can be used in the production of polymers and other materials.

Electrophilic substitution reactions are also important in the development of new catalysts and reagents for organic synthesis, as they allow for more efficient and selective reactions compared to traditional methods. Understanding these reactions and their mechanisms is crucial for the development of sustainable and efficient chemical processes that can lead to the production of high-value products and materials.