axonal

axonal 的音标是["æksən(ə)l]，意思是“轴突的”。要记住这个单词，可以尝试使用词根记忆法，即根据单词的组成部分进行联想记忆。其中，axon 是“轴突”的意思，-al 是形容词后缀，表示“...的”。可以想象一下，轴突是神经细胞的一部分，它传递神经信号，而 axonal 就是与轴突有关的。

Axonal这个词来源于拉丁语，意为“与轴有关的”。它的变化形式包括名词axon（轴索）和形容词axonal（与轴有关的）。

相关单词：

axon（轴索）：一种神经纤维，负责传递神经信号。

collateral（副的）：副线，与主线并行的轴索。

synapse（突触）：神经元之间传递信号的连接点，也被称为axon hillock（轴突丘）。

axoneme（轴粒）：一种由中心粒和围绕其周围的微管组成的细胞器，常见于纤毛和鞭毛中。

axotomize（切断轴索）：指切断神经纤维，导致神经功能受损。

axonal transport（轴突运输）：指沿着轴索进行的物质运输。

axonal growth（轴突生长）：指神经纤维的延伸或增长。

axonal pathfinding（轴突寻路）：指神经元在生长过程中寻找最佳路径的行为。

axonal sprouting（轴突再生长）：指在神经损伤后轴索周围的细小分支重新生长的过程。

这些单词都与axonal这个词源有着密切的联系，描述了神经系统的结构和功能。它们在生物学、医学和神经科学等领域有着广泛的应用。

常用短语：

1. axoneme 轴突

2. axonal transport 轴突运输

3. axonal neuropathy 轴突神经病

4. axonal guidance 轴突导向

5. axonal growth 轴突生长

6. axonal pathology 轴突病变

7. axonal sprouting 轴突再生

例句：

1. The neuron sends out long axons to connect with other cells.

神经元发出长长的轴突来与其他细胞连接。

2. The axonal transport allows the cell to maintain its function even when it is far from the food source.

轴突运输使细胞即使远离食物来源也能维持其功能。

3. Axonal guidance is crucial for the development of the nervous system.

轴突导向对于神经系统的发展至关重要。

4. The damage to the axon can lead to axonal neuropathy.

轴突损伤可能导致轴突神经病。

5. The growth of axons is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

轴突的生长对于神经系统的正常功能至关重要。

6. The pathology of axons is a common problem in neurodegenerative diseases.

轴突病变是神经退行性疾病中常见的问题。

7. Axonal sprouting plays an important role in nerve repair and regeneration.

轴突再生长在神经修复和再生中扮演重要角色。

英文小作文：

Neurons are the basic units of the brain that send out long axons to connect with other cells, forming a complex network that controls our body functions. However, the growth and maintenance of these axons are not always easy, and can be affected by various factors, including damage, diseases, and aging.

Axonal guidance, growth, and maintenance are crucial for the proper functioning of the nervous system. In neurodegenerative diseases, for example, the pathology of axons can lead to various symptoms, such as weakness and pain in the limbs, which can significantly affect a person"s quality of life. On the other hand, axonal sprouting, a process that allows for regrowth of damaged axons, plays an important role in nerve repair and regeneration, offering hope for better treatment options in the future. Understanding these processes and developing new therapeutic strategies to support axonal growth and maintenance are key areas of research in the field of neuroscience today.