cytokine

cytokine的音标为["saɪtəʊkɪn]，基本翻译为“细胞因子”。

速记技巧：可以记为“细胞亲吻（cytokine）”。

Cytokine这个词的英文词源可以追溯到希腊语和拉丁语。它由“kytos”（细胞）和“kinein”（产生运动）两个词组合而成，意味着细胞产生的物质。

变化形式：在生物科学领域，cytokine这个词通常被用作术语，没有发生明显的变化。

相关单词：

1. Interleukin (IL): 这个词是由“inter”和“leukin”组成的，意为在细胞间起作用的物质，与cytokine有相似的功能。

2. Growth Factor (GF): 这个词的意思是生长因子，用于描述促进细胞生长的物质，与cytokine有类似的生物学作用。

3. Chemokine (CK): 这个词是由“chemokine”和“kine”组成的，意为化学调谐因子，是一种重要的细胞间信号分子。

4. Lymphokine (LK): 这个词是由“lymph”和“kine”组成的，意为淋巴细胞产生的物质，与cytokine有相似的生物学作用。

5. Monokine (MK): 这个词是由“monocyte”（单核细胞）和“kine”组成的，意为单核细胞产生的物质，与cytokine有相似的生物学作用。

6. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF): 这个词是由“tumor”（肿瘤）和“necrosis”（坏死）组成的，意为肿瘤坏死因子，是一种重要的炎症调节因子，与cytokine也有一定的关系。

7. Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF): 这个词是由“granulocyte”（粒细胞）和“macrophage”（巨噬细胞）以及“colony-stimulating factor”（集落刺激因子）组成的，是一种重要的造血生长因子。

8. Interferon (IFN): 这个词是由“inter”和“feron”组成的，意为在细胞间起作用的因子，是一种抗病毒和免疫调节剂。

9. Thymus-Derived Growth Factor (TDGF): 这个词是由“thymus”（胸腺）和“growth factor”组成的，意为胸腺产生的生长因子，与cytokine有相似的生物学作用。

10. Soluble Interferon Alpha Receptor (sIFNAR): 这个词是由“soluble”（可溶性的）和“interferon alpha receptor”（干扰素α受体）组成的，意为可溶性干扰素α受体，是一种干扰素调节蛋白。

以上这些单词都与cytokine有密切关系，它们在生物学中发挥着不同的作用。

常用cytokine短语：

1. cytokinesis cytokinesis-inducing factor 1

2. interleukin-1 interleukin-6

3. interferon-gamma interferon-inducing factor 1

4. tumor necrosis factor-alpha transforming growth factor beta

5. interleukin-2 interleukin-4

6. interleukin-8 interleukin-10

7. granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

例句：

1. The immune system produces cytokines to fight infection.

2. Interleukin-2 promotes the growth of T cells and is used in cancer therapy.

3. High levels of cytokines are associated with autoimmune diseases.

4. Cytokines are essential for the development of the immune system.

5. Cytokines are involved in the inflammatory response to infection.

6. The cytokines released by macrophages are crucial for the immune response.

7. The cytokines produced by dendritic cells regulate the immune response.

英文小作文：

Cytokines are proteins that regulate the immune system and are involved in many aspects of our health and disease. They are produced by cells in the body and play a crucial role in maintaining immune function and tissue repair. Cytokines can be divided into several groups based on their function, including cytokines that regulate immune cell activity, cytokines that promote cell growth and differentiation, and cytokines that regulate inflammation and tissue repair. Cytokines also play a role in the development of the nervous system, cardiovascular function, and metabolism, making them essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. Understanding cytokines and their role in health and disease is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies for various conditions, including autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancer.