doctrines

doctrines的音标为：[ˈdɒktrɪnz] ，基本翻译为“教义；教条；信条”，速记技巧为：doctrine教条，三条腿（doctrinaire）。

doctrines这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语doctrina，意为知识、教义。它的变化形式包括过去式doctrinated，过去分词doctrinated，现在分词doctrining等。

相关单词：

doctrine：教义、信条，如自由主义、社会主义等学说。

preach：宣讲、布道，常与doctrines相关联。

catechism：问答手册，常用于宗教教育，其中的问题与答案与doctrines密切相关。

dogma：教条、信条，通常指某一宗教或学说的固定教义。

fundamentalism：原意为基本原理，常用于指代某些学说的原教旨主义。

以上这些单词都与doctrines有着密切的联系，它们在英语中广泛使用，并涉及到宗教、哲学、思想等多个领域。这些单词的出现和发展，也反映了英语语言和文化的发展历程。

常用短语：

1. doctrine of law

2. doctrine of necessity

3. doctrine of public policy

4. doctrine of estoppel

5. doctrine of laches

6. doctrine of duress

7. doctrine of separation of powers

例句：

1. The doctrine of law is a fundamental principle of our legal system.

2. The doctrine of estoppel prevents a party from challenging a contractual agreement after agreeing to it.

3. The doctrine of separation of powers ensures that the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government function independently.

英文小作文：

Doctrines are fundamental principles that guide our legal system. They provide a framework for resolving disputes and ensuring fairness and justice in our society. The doctrine of law ensures that laws are consistent with our values and the rule of law, while the doctrine of separation of powers ensures that government branches function independently and fairly. The doctrine of estoppel prevents a party from challenging a contractual agreement after agreeing to it, while the doctrine of duress can be used to protect individuals from unfair or coercive behavior. These doctrines are essential to maintaining a just and fair society and ensuring that our laws and institutions are based on principles that are fair, reasonable, and just.