helper T cell

helper T cell的音标为[ˈhelpə(r) ˈtʃiːl] ，基本翻译为“辅助性T细胞”，速记技巧为“help（帮助）T（T细胞）cell（细胞）”。

Helper T细胞（Helper T cell）的英文词源来自希腊语，意为“助手”或“辅助者”。它是一种免疫细胞，在免疫反应中起着关键作用，帮助其他免疫细胞识别并攻击病原体。

变化形式：在生物学中，helper T cell没有明显的形式变化，它是一个固定的术语，用于描述特定的免疫细胞类型。

相关单词：

1. 效应器（Effector）：这个词与helper T cell密切相关，因为它描述了被helper T细胞激活并攻击病原体后的其他免疫细胞。

2. 抗原（Antigen）：抗原是引起免疫反应的物质，通常由helper T细胞识别。

3. 免疫应答（Immunity）：免疫应答是人体对病原体产生的免疫反应，包括helper T细胞的参与。

4. 免疫系统（Immune System）：免疫系统是一个复杂的系统，包括各种类型的免疫细胞和分子，helper T细胞是其中的重要组成部分。

5. 炎症（Inflammation）：炎症是免疫反应的一部分，helper T细胞在其中起着关键的调节作用。

6. 抗体（Antibody）：抗体是由B细胞产生的免疫分子，它们通常由helper T细胞辅助B细胞产生。

7. 细胞因子（Cytokine）：细胞因子是一类由多种细胞产生的小分子蛋白质，它们在免疫反应中起着重要的调节作用，包括helper T细胞。

8. 抗原提呈细胞（Antigen-presenting cell）：抗原提呈细胞负责将抗原呈递给T细胞，包括helper T细胞。

9. 激活（Activation）：这个词与helper T细胞的生物学功能密切相关，因为它描述了helper T细胞如何识别和攻击病原体。

10. 抑制（Inhibition）：与helper T细胞相关的另一个概念是抑制作用，它描述了抑制性T细胞如何抑制过度反应的免疫反应。

常用短语：

1. helper T cell 辅助性T细胞

2. CD4+ T helper cells CD4阳性辅助性T细胞

3. Th1 helper cells Th1辅助细胞

4. Th2 helper cells Th2辅助细胞

5. T cell activation T细胞活化

6. T cell proliferation T细胞增殖

7. T cell receptor T细胞抗原受体

例句：

1. The immune system recognizes foreign antigens and stimulates helper T cells to produce cytokines. 免疫系统识别外来抗原并刺激辅助性T细胞产生细胞因子。

2. CD4+ T helper cells play a crucial role in the immune response by providing help to B cells to produce antibodies. CD4阳性辅助性T细胞通过为B细胞提供抗体生成帮助在免疫反应中发挥着至关重要的作用。

3. Th1 and Th2 helper cells play opposing roles in the immune response, with Th1 cells promoting inflammation and Th2 cells promoting allergy and autoimmune diseases. Th1和Th2辅助细胞在免疫反应中发挥相反的作用，Th1细胞促进炎症，而Th2细胞促进过敏和自身免疫疾病。

4. T cell activation is crucial for the immune system to recognize and respond to foreign invaders. T细胞活化对于免疫系统识别和应对外来入侵者至关重要。

5. T cell proliferation is a key component of the immune response, allowing the body to generate more T cells to fight off infections. T细胞增殖是免疫反应的关键组成部分，使身体能够产生更多的T细胞来对抗感染。

6. The T cell receptor is a key component of the immune system that allows T cells to recognize foreign antigens and respond to them appropriately. T细胞抗原受体是免疫系统的一个关键组成部分，使T细胞能够识别外来抗原并作出适当的反应。

英文小作文：

My Immune System: My Guardian Angel or My Enemy?

My immune system is my body"s defense against infections and diseases. It is composed of many different types of cells, including helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, B cells, and macrophages. These cells work together to protect me from harm. However, sometimes my immune system can go haywire and attack my own body, causing autoimmune diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. This can be very painful and debilitating. On the other hand, when my immune system is working properly, it is my guardian angel, protecting me from infections and diseases that could harm me. Helping T cells are one of the key players in my immune system, providing help to B cells to produce antibodies, which are crucial for fighting off infections. Without them, I would be defenseless against viruses and bacteria. I rely on my immune system to keep me healthy and strong, but it is also something that I need to take care of, by getting enough sleep, eating a balanced diet, and staying hydrated. I need to take care of my body, just like it takes care of me.