hydroxide

hydroxide的音标为[haɪ"drəʊksaɪd]，基本翻译为“氢氧化物”，速记技巧为：氢氧结合成碱，水化物为氢氧化。

Hydroxide的英文词源可以追溯到拉丁语和希腊语，其中“hydro”表示水，“oxide”则表示氧化物。它的含义是水中所含的氧化物。

变化形式：

1. Hydroxide在词尾加“-ite”变为名词，表示含有羟基的化合物。

相关单词：

1. Alkali hydroxide - 氢氧化钠：一种强碱，用于制造肥皂和洗涤剂。它具有腐蚀性，可以用于中和酸性物质。

2. Magnesium hydroxide - 氢氧化镁：一种常见的无机物，用于制药和化妆品行业，具有优良的吸湿性。

3. Calcium hydroxide - 氢氧化钙：一种常见的建筑材料添加剂，用于硬化和固化混凝土。它也用于处理酸性废水。

以上这些单词都与氢氧化物相关，并且在化学和工业领域有广泛的应用。此外，还有许多其他与氢氧化物相关的单词，如钾 hydroxide（氢氧化钾）、钠 hydroxide（氢氧化钠）等。这些单词在化学实验、工业生产、环境保护等领域都有重要的应用。

常用短语：

1. hydroxide ion 氢氧根离子

2. alkaline hydroxide 碱性氢氧化物

3. hydroxide salt 氢氧化物盐

4. hydroxide solution 氢氧化物溶液

5. hydroxide catalyst 氢氧化物催化剂

6. hydroxide ionomer 氢氧根离子聚合物

7. hydroxide ion conductivity 氢氧根离子电导率

例句：

1. The reaction was catalyzed by base, resulting in the formation of hydroxide ions.

2. The hydroxide salt of magnesium is commonly used in detergents and builders.

3. The hydroxide solution is used for cleaning and removing rust and corrosion.

4. The hydroxide catalyst is commonly used in the production of polymers and surfactants.

5. The hydroxide ionomer can be used as a wound dressing to promote healing.

6. The hydroxide ion conductivity of a material indicates its ability to transport protons and is important in fuel cells and batteries.

英文小作文：

Hydroxide ions play an important role in many chemical reactions, acting as intermediaries in many chemical processes. They are commonly found in alkaline solutions, where they are responsible for maintaining a basic pH balance. Hydroxide ions are also used in various industrial processes, such as the production of polymers and surfactants, where they act as catalysts or ionomers. Additionally, hydroxide ion conductivity is crucial in fuel cells and batteries, where it allows for the efficient transport of protons. Understanding the role of hydroxide ions in chemical reactions and industrial processes is essential for developing more efficient and sustainable processes.