confound

confound的音标是[kənˈfaʊnd]，基本翻译是“使困惑；使惊奇；使混乱”。速记技巧是：可以联想到“混乱”这个词，从而帮助记忆发音和拼写。

Confound这个词的词源可以追溯到古英语，意为“混淆，搞乱”。它的词形变化形式包括复数形式confounds，过去式confounded和过去分词confounded。

相关单词：

1. "confused" - 这个词和confound有着相似的含义，表示困惑，糊涂。

2. "confusion" - 这个词表示混乱，混淆的状态。

3. "confoundly" - 这是一个副词形式，表示混乱地，困惑地。

4. "confounding" - 这是一个形容词形式，表示混淆的，搞乱的。

5. "confusedly" - 这是一个副词形式，表示困惑地，糊涂地。

6. "confusedness" - 这是一个名词形式，表示困惑，糊涂的状态。

7. "confusional" - 这是一个形容词形式，表示混乱的，混淆的。

8. "confusionality" - 这是一个名词形式，表示混淆性，混乱性。

9. "confoundness" - 这是一个名词形式，表示混淆的程度。

10. "confoundment" - 这是一个动词形式，表示混淆，搞乱。

在句子中，"confound"这个词通常用来描述某人的行为或某事导致混乱或困惑的情况。例如，“他的行为令人感到十分confound，因为他总是做出让人意想不到的决定。”

常用短语：

1. confound the issue

2. confound one"s expectations

3. confound one"s reasoning

4. confound one"s calculations

5. confound the evidence

6. confound the opponents

7. confound the situation

例句：

1. The unexpected outcome confounded all our expectations.

2. His unexpected decision confounded the opposition.

3. The evidence was confounded by the new revelations.

4. The storm confounded our attempts to navigate the river.

5. The combination of factors confounded our efforts to solve the problem.

6. The situation was confounded by the sudden appearance of a new competitor.

7. The scientist"s experiments confounded our understanding of the phenomenon.

英文小作文：

Confounding factors in scientific research

In scientific research, it is often difficult to isolate and understand individual factors that contribute to a phenomenon or outcome. This is especially true when dealing with complex systems or situations that involve multiple variables and unknown factors. However, it is essential to recognize and address these confounding factors in order to make valid conclusions and develop effective strategies for addressing the issue at hand.

When conducting research, it is important to carefully consider all potential factors that could affect the results, including those that are not directly related to the research question but may still have an impact on the outcome. This requires a thorough analysis of the data and a critical evaluation of the evidence, as well as a willingness to adjust and revise hypotheses based on new information and insights.

In some cases, it may be necessary to conduct additional experiments or studies to further isolate and understand the impact of individual factors, especially those that are difficult to control or measure accurately. This may require a shift in focus or a change in approach, but it is essential to maintain a clear and objective perspective in order to avoid being influenced by irrelevant or misleading information that could confound the results and conclusions of the research.

By carefully considering and addressing confounding factors, researchers can better understand the true nature of a phenomenon and develop more effective strategies for addressing it. This will ultimately lead to more reliable and useful insights and solutions that can be applied in real-world contexts and have a positive impact on society and the world around us.