electrophoresis

electrophoresis的音标为：[ɪˌlektrəʊˈfoʊrəʊsɪs]，翻译为“电泳”。

速记技巧：electro-表示“电”，-phoresis表示“过程”，整体记忆为“电过程”。

Electrophoresis这个词来源于希腊语，意思是“electric migration”（电迁移）。它的变化形式包括名词electro-phoresis（电泳）、adjective electrophoretic（电泳的）以及动词electrophorese（电泳）。

相关单词：

1. gel electrophoresis（凝胶电泳）：一种在凝胶介质中进行的电泳技术，常用于蛋白质和DNA的分析。

2. free electrophoresis（自由电泳）：一种不依赖于支持介质的电泳方法，常用于分离带电颗粒。

3. isoelectric point（等电点）：蛋白质在等电点时，净电荷为零，此时蛋白质的迁移率最慢，可用于蛋白质的分离。

4. band（带）：在电泳图谱中，表示在凝胶上迁移的特定蛋白质或DNA片段的区域。

5. fraction（部分）：在电泳过程中，根据迁移速度将蛋白质或DNA样品分离成多个部分。

6. migration distance（迁移距离）：描述了带电颗粒在电场中迁移的距离。

7. resolution（分辨率）：在电泳过程中，描述了能够分离不同蛋白质或DNA片段的能力。

8. fractionation（部分化）：在电泳过程中，将样品分离成多个部分的过程。

9. band broadening（带拓宽）：在电泳过程中，由于某些因素导致带状变宽的现象。

10. resolution limit（分辨率极限）：描述了电泳技术能够分离不同蛋白质或DNA片段的最大能力。

常用短语：

1. electrophoresis separation

2. gel electrophoresis

3. capillary electrophoresis

4. isoelectric focusing

5. high-performance liquid electrophoresis

6. two-dimensional electrophoresis

7. capillary isoelectric focusing

例句：

1. The protein sample was separated by gel electrophoresis and then transferred to a membrane for immunostaining.

2. The sample was loaded onto the capillary electrophoresis column and the results were analyzed immediately.

3. The high-performance liquid electrophoresis analysis of the patient"s blood revealed a rare mutation in the gene.

4. The two-dimensional electrophoresis map of the brain tissue showed numerous spots corresponding to proteins that were altered in Alzheimer"s disease.

5. The electrophoretic separation of DNA fragments was carried out using a low-temperature buffer system.

6. The capillary isoelectric focusing technique has been used to identify proteins in complex biological samples.

7. The separation of proteins by electrophoresis is a fundamental technique in biochemistry and molecular biology.

英文小作文：

Electrophoresis is a powerful tool for separating and identifying biomolecules such as proteins and DNA fragments. It allows for the precise analysis of complex samples and has become an essential technique in modern biotechnology. Through electrophoresis, scientists can identify subtle differences in biomolecules and investigate their role in various biological processes. This technique has been used to study diseases such as Alzheimer"s and cancer, as well as to identify novel therapeutic targets. Electrophoresis has opened up new avenues for research and discovery, leading to a better understanding of the world around us and the development of new treatments for diseases.