broken-down

broken-down音标为["brəʊkən-daʊn]；基本翻译为“破旧的，故障的”；速记技巧为：破旧（broke）故障（down）。

broken-down这个词的词源可以追溯到古英语，意为“破碎的，损坏的”。它的变化形式包括broken（过去式和过去分词），-ed（表示完成或被动）和-down（表示下降或倒下）。

相关单词：

breakdown：破裂，故障；精神崩溃，垮掉

broken：破损的，破碎的；不完全的，不完美的

breakdowns：故障，失效；精神崩溃

brokenhearted：心碎的，绝望的

breakdowns occur：故障发生

breakdown in communication：沟通中断

breakdown of trust：信任破裂

broken record：老调重弹，乏味的人或事

broken promise：违背诺言

这些单词都与broken-down这个词源有关，描述了破损、失效、崩溃、破裂等现象。这些单词在英语中广泛使用，并随着时间的推移，它们的含义和用法也在不断演变。

常用短语：

1. broken-down car

2. broken-down engine

3. breakdown service

4. breakdown assistance

5. breakdown repairs

6. engine breakdown

7. mechanical breakdown

双语例句：

1. My car has broken down and I need to call for a breakdown service. (我的车坏了，我需要叫一个维修服务。)

2. The mechanic repaired the engine and it was running like new again. (机械师修好了发动机，它再次像新的一样运行。)

3. We had a breakdown of communication and couldn"t understand each other. (我们沟通不畅，无法理解对方。)

4. The breakdown of a vehicle can be very inconvenient and time-consuming. (车辆故障可能非常不方便和耗时。)

5. The breakdown of a car"s engine can be very expensive to repair. (汽车发动机故障修理起来非常昂贵。)

6. Mechanical breakdowns are a common occurrence in the workplace. (机械故障是工作场所中常见的事故。)

7. We need to ensure that our vehicles are in good condition to avoid breakdowns. (我们需要确保车辆状况良好，以避免故障。)

英文小作文：

Broken-down cars are a common problem for many people, but they can be frustrating and time-consuming to deal with. When your car breaks down, it can be difficult to know where to turn for help and advice. That"s why it"s important to have a breakdown service on hand, or know someone who can help you out when needed.

However, it"s also important to take preventative measures to avoid breakdowns in the first place. Regular maintenance and inspection of your car"s engine and other components can help ensure that it runs smoothly and efficiently for as long as possible. This will save you time and money in the long run, and reduce the stress of dealing with a broken-down car.