catabolism的音标是[ˌkætəˈbɒləmɪzəm],翻译为“分解代谢”或“分解代谢作用”。
速记技巧:将“catabolism”拆分为“cat”(猫)+“abol”(打破)+“ism”(表示…主义或…作用)构成。
Catabolism这个词源自希腊语,其词源“katabole”意为“下降,分解”。它的主要含义是指生物体分解有机物质的过程,通常用于描述分解代谢的过程。
变化形式:在英语中,catabolism的词形变化相对较少,主要在词首和词尾发生轻微的变化。
相关单词:
1. Metabolism:新陈代谢,这个词与catabolism相对,都描述生物体的基本生命活动过程。
2. Oxidation:氧化,这个词与catabolism相关,通常用于描述有机物质在氧气参与下的分解过程。
3. Decomposition:分解,这个词直接与catabolism相关,描述有机物质分解为更小分子的过程。
4. Anaerobic:厌氧的,这个词描述的是在没有氧气的条件下进行的生物化学反应,这是catabolism的一种特殊形式。
5. Glycolysis:糖酵解,这个词描述的是糖分解为更小分子(如乳酸或乙醇)的过程,这是catabolism的一种形式。
6. Ubiquitination:泛素化,这个词描述的是一种蛋白质修饰过程,它与catabolism有关,因为泛素化的蛋白质会被降解。
7. Glycogenolysis:糖原分解,这个词描述的是糖原分解为葡萄糖分子的过程,这是肌肉和肝脏等组织中常见的catabolism形式。
8. Protein Catabolism:蛋白质分解,这个词直接描述了蛋白质的分解过程,这是许多生物体维持能量和氨基酸来源的方式。
9. Autocatalysis:自催化反应,这个词描述了一种可能存在的反应过程,其中反应物本身促进反应的进行,这与catabolism相反,描述的是合成代谢的过程。
10. Degradative Pace:降解速度,这个词描述了生物体分解有机物质的速度,这与catabolism有关。
常用短语:
1. catabolism decomposition
2. aerobic catabolism
3. anaerobic catabolism
4. endergonic catabolism
5. catabolic process
6. catabolic reaction
7. catabolic pathway
双语例句:
1. Aerobic catabolism occurs in the process of respiration. (有氧分解发生在呼吸过程中。)
2. The bacteria in anaerobic environments undergo anaerobic catabolism. (无氧环境中的细菌进行无氧分解。)
3. The breakdown of organic matter is primarily aerobic catabolism. (有机物的分解主要是有氧分解。)
4. The catabolic process of cells is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. (细胞的分解过程对于维持细胞内环境稳态至关重要。)
5. The catabolic reaction of enzymes is a crucial step in many biochemical reactions. (酶的分解反应是许多生化反应中的关键步骤。)
6. The catabolic pathway of a bacterium is determined by its nutritional requirements and environmental conditions. (细菌的分解途径由其营养需求和环境条件决定。)
7. Catabolism is the process of breaking down complex substances into simpler ones, which are then used for energy production or other chemical reactions. (分解是将复杂物质分解成更简单的物质的过程,这些物质随后用于能量生产或其他化学反应。)
英文小作文:
Catabolism is a crucial process in all living things, whether it be bacteria, plants, or animals. It involves breaking down complex substances into simpler ones, which are then used for energy production or other chemical reactions. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and ensuring the survival of all living things.
In aerobic environments, organisms undergo aerobic catabolism, which involves the process of respiration, where oxygen is used to facilitate the breakdown of substances and release energy. Conversely, anaerobic environments allow for anaerobic catabolism, which occurs without the need for oxygen and can occur in environments with low oxygen concentrations or without oxygen at all.
Moreover, catabolism is also important in recycling waste materials and providing nutrients for growth and reproduction. Through the process of decomposition, organic matter is broken down into inorganic substances that can be used by other organisms for growth and reproduction.
Catabolism is a fundamental process that underlies all life on Earth and ensures the sustainability of life on our planet.