autophagy

autophagy的音标是["ɔːtəˌpɑːdʒi]，意思是“自噬作用”。基本翻译为“自体吞噬作用”，是一种细胞过程，在此过程中细胞通过分解自身物质来为生长和修复提供能量。速记技巧可以联想到“auto”（自动）和“phage”（噬菌体），从而帮助记忆这个单词的含义。

Autophagy这个词的英文词源可以追溯到希腊语词根“auto”和“phagein”，意为“吃”或“吞噬”。这个词的含义是自噬，指的是细胞内的一种过程，其中某些物质或细胞器被包裹并降解为小分子，为细胞提供能量和营养。

Autophagy的变化形式主要有复数形式“autophages”和过去式、过去分词形式“autophagized”。

相关单词包括：self-digestion（自我消化）、self-consumption（自我消耗）、self-eating（自我吞噬）、self-ophagy（自噬）、non-self-digestion（非自体消化）、non-self-consumption（非自体消耗）、non-self-eating（非自我吞噬）、lysophagy（溶酶体吞噬作用）、phagocytosis（吞噬作用）和autophagy-related proteins（自噬相关蛋白）。

Autophagy在生物学中是一个重要的概念，它对细胞的自我保护和稳态维持具有重要作用。这些相关词汇可以帮助我们更深入地理解这个概念。

autophagy常用短语：

1. autophagy-related genes (agrs)

2. autophagy-inducing agents

3. autophagy inhibitors

4. macroautophagy

5. microautophagy

6. lysosome-mediated autophagy

7. autophagy-mediated degradation

双语例句：

1. Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.

自噬在维持细胞内稳态中起着至关重要的作用。

2. Some drugs can induce autophagy to combat cancer cells.

一些药物可以诱导自噬来对抗癌细胞。

3. Lack of nutrients can trigger autophagy to clear unnecessary cellular components.

缺乏营养可以触发自噬来清除不必要的细胞成分。

4. Autophagy is a highly regulated process that ensures cellular survival under stressful conditions.

自噬是一个高度调节的过程，它确保细胞在压力条件下生存。

5. Macrophages are known to undergo autophagy under certain conditions.

在某些情况下，巨噬细胞会进行自噬。

6. Autophagy is a crucial process for maintaining cellular health and preventing diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer.

自噬对于维护细胞健康和预防诸如神经退化和癌症等疾病至关重要。

7. Understanding the role of autophagy in disease is an active area of research.

理解自噬在疾病中的作用是一个活跃的研究领域。

英文小作文：

Autophagy is a crucial process that ensures cellular survival under stressful conditions, such as nutrient deprivation or exposure to harmful substances. It is a highly regulated process that involves the fusion of lysosomes with the cytoplasm, leading to the degradation of unnecessary or harmful materials within the cell. Autophagy is essential for maintaining cellular health and preventing diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer. However, it can also be dysregulated in certain diseases, leading to the accumulation of damaged or harmful materials within cells and contributing to the pathology of these diseases. Understanding the role of autophagy in disease is an active area of research, and there are ongoing efforts to develop therapeutic strategies that target this process to treat various diseases.