demerit

demerit 的音标是[dɪˈmɪərɪt]，意思是缺点；过失。

基本翻译为“缺点”时，可以结合其音标进行记忆。de-表示“否定”，所以demerit可以拆分为“否定-优点”即为“缺点”。同时，它也可以理解为“不值得称赞”，即“没有优点”。通过这样的拆分和联想，可以更有效地记住它的发音和含义。

此外，还可以通过对比记忆来加强记忆。例如，可以与同义词merit进行对比，merit意为“优点；长处”，通过对比可以帮助理解两个词的区别，从而更好地记忆。

Demerit这个词源自拉丁语“demerere”，意思是“应受责备的”。它的变化形式包括过去式“demeritis”，过去分词“demeritum”和现在分词“demeriting”。

相关单词：

1. Deterrent：作为形容词，它意为“威慑的，阻止的”，其词源与demerit有相似之处，都与“应受责备”有关。Deterrent最早出现在英语中是在法律语境下，用来形容对犯罪行为的惩罚，旨在阻止犯罪的发生。

2. Dishonesty：意为“不诚实，不诚实的行为”，这个词是由dis（否定）+ honesty（诚实）构成的。它反映了与demerit相关的对诚实和道德的否定评价。

3. Penalty：意为“处罚，惩罚”，这个词源于中世纪英语，最初是指对犯人施加的肉刑。这个词与demerit一样，都与对行为的负面评价有关。

4. Reproach：意为“责备，谴责”，这个词源于古英语，表示因行为不当而受到的指责。它与demerit一样，都表示对行为的批评和责备。

5. Fault：意为“过失，错误”，这个词源于古英语，表示因疏忽或失误而犯下的错误。它与demerit一样，都表示对行为的轻微错误或过失的评价。

6. Faultfinding：意为“找错，挑剔”，这个词由fault（错误）+ finding（发现）构成，表示寻找和发现错误的行为。它反映了与demerit相关的对细节的关注和挑剔。

7. Blame：意为“责备，责怪”，这个词源于古英语，表示因行为不当而受到的指责和批评。它与demerit在语义上有一定的关联性。

8. Recklessness：意为“轻率，不顾后果”，这个词由reckless（不顾虑的）+ ness（性质）构成。它反映了与demerit相关的对行为的鲁莽和不负责任的评价。

9. Puniement：在古代法语中，puniement（处罚）这个词是由puni（处罚）构成的。它反映了与demerit相关的惩罚概念。

10. Discredit：意为“失去信誉”，这个词由dis（否定）+ credit（信誉）构成。它反映了与demerit相关的对信誉的否定评价。

常用短语：

1. in addition

2. on the contrary

3. as a result

4. in a nutshell

5. at the same time

6. in essence

7. as a matter of fact

双语例句：

1. In addition, smoking can increase your risk of lung cancer.

2. On the contrary, exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight.

3. As a result of poor diet, she developed high blood pressure.

4. In a nutshell, reading is an effective way to improve language skills.

5. At the same time, we must remember to prioritize our health.

6. In essence, success is determined by our ability to persevere.

7. As a matter of fact, failure is often the best teacher.

英文小作文：

The importance of balance in life

Life is full of choices and decisions, and it"s important to strike a balance between various aspects such as work, family, friends, and self-care. In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, it"s essential to prioritize our health and well-being while still allowing for some leisure time and fun activities. On the one hand, we need to prioritize our responsibilities towards others, whether it"s working, taking care of the home, or being there for friends and family. On the other hand, we need to take care of ourselves in order to be able to handle all these responsibilities effectively and efficiently. In this way, we can maintain a healthy balance in our lives and avoid burnout and stress. However, achieving balance isn"t always easy, especially when we"re facing numerous responsibilities and demands from various sources. Nevertheless, it"s worthwhile to make an effort to strike a balance between all these aspects in order to live a fulfilling and happy life.