extracapsular

extracapsular的音标是["ekstræk"səkəʊlə]，意思是“（肿瘤等）超出关节囊外的”。

速记技巧：可以将单词拆分记忆，如“extra（额外的）”、“capsule（囊）”和“-al（形容词后缀）”等部分，以便快速记忆单词。

extracapsular这个词的英文词源可以追溯到拉丁语和希腊语，意为“在壳层外”。它的变化形式包括复数形式extracapsulars，过去式和过去分词形式extracapsularized，现在分词形式extracapsularizing等。

相关单词：extracapsular extension（壳层外扩展），extracapsular mass（壳层外肿块），extracapsular pressure（壳层外压力），extracapsular implant（壳层外植入物），extracapsular spread（壳层外扩散），extracapsular fracture（壳层外骨折），extracapsular looseness（壳层外松动），extracapsular hemorrhage（壳层外出血），extracapsular spread of cancer（癌症的壳层外扩散）等。

这些单词都与extracapsular这个词有关，表示在壳层外的各种情况，例如扩展、肿块、压力、植入物、骨折、松动、出血等。这些单词在医学和生物学领域中经常使用，帮助描述和理解人体内部的各种情况。

短语：

1. extracapsular spread

2. extracapsular metastasis

3. extracapsular invasion

4. extracapsular compression

5. extracapsular surgery

6. extracapsular hematoma

7. extracapsular fracture

例句：

1. The cancer has spread outside the capsule, which is a bad sign.

2. The tumor has already undergone extracapsular invasion, indicating a poor prognosis.

3. The surgery involved removing the tumor and relieving extracapsular compression.

4. The patient suffered from an extracapsular hematoma after the accident.

5. The fracture is located outside the capsule and is considered an extracapsular fracture.

6. The doctor advised us to perform an extracapsular dissection to improve the patient"s condition.

英文小作文：

Extracapsular surgery is a type of surgery that involves removing cancerous tissue outside the capsule of the tumor or lesion. This type of surgery is commonly performed in cases where the cancer has spread outside the capsule or has undergone extracapsular invasion, which indicates a poor prognosis. During the surgery, the surgeon removes the cancerous tissue and relieves any compression or irritation caused by the tumor or lesion outside the capsule. This allows for better recovery and improved quality of life for patients undergoing extracapsular surgery.

Extracapsular surgery can be performed on various types of tumors and lesions, including but not limited to breast cancer, prostate cancer, brain tumors, and liver cancer. It is commonly used in advanced stages of cancer when other treatment options have been exhausted or are not effective enough. However, it is important to note that extracapsular surgery does not guarantee a cure and should be performed under the guidance of a skilled surgeon who can provide accurate diagnosis and treatment recommendations.