gerunds(现在分词)的音标是[ˈdʒɜːrəndz],基本翻译是“现在分词”。速记技巧可以是将“gerunds”拆分为“ger”(现在分词)+ “unds”(复数后缀),这样有助于记忆。
Gerunds(动名词)是动词的一种形式,它保留了动词的词义和形式,但用作名词。以下是一些英文词源、变化形式和相关单词的示例:
1. 词源:拉丁语(L. gerundium)
变化形式:gerund(gerundive)
相关单词:agreeable(adj.),agreeableness(n.),disagreeable(adj.),disagreeableness(n.)
这些单词中的“agreeable”和“disagreeable”是形容词,它们都来自gerund,意为“符合的”或“不符合的”。它们可以作为形容词修饰名词或用作形容词本身。
2. 词源:古英语(E. Eng.)
变化形式:present participle - gerundive - past participle
相关单词:swim(v.),swimming(n.),swum(adj.)
这些单词中的“swim”是动词,其动名词形式“swimming”和过去分词形式“swum”都保留了原始动词的形式,并用作名词或形容词。它们在英语中仍然广泛使用。
3. 词源:希腊语(G.)
变化形式:present participle - gerundive
相关单词:dance(v.),dancer(n.)
这些单词中的“dance”和“dancer”都来自希腊语,其中“dance”的动名词形式和过去分词形式都是通过词形变化而来的。它们在英语中仍然广泛使用,并且可以用来描述舞蹈的动作或跳舞的人。
以上这些例子展示了gerunds在英语中的使用和演变,它们保留了原始动词的形式,并用作名词或形容词。这些单词在英语中仍然非常常见,并且具有丰富的含义和用法。
常用gerund短语:
1. Being interested in … 对…感兴趣
例句:I am always interested in reading books about history. 我总是对阅读历史书籍感兴趣。
2. Having done … 已经做了…
例句:I have finished cleaning my room. 我已经打扫完我的房间了。
3. Being about to do … 即将做…
例句:We are about to leave for Europe next week. 我们即将在下周动身前往欧洲。
4. Keep (on) doing … 一直做…
例句:I keep (on) working hard to achieve my goals. 我一直努力工作以实现我的目标。
5. Spreading … (over) … 把…分散到…
例句:The teacher spread the knowledge of English over all the students in the class. 老师把英语知识分散给班里的所有学生。
6. Being able to do … 能够做…
例句:I am able to work out any problem that I encounter. 我能够解决我遇到的任何问题。
7. Having suffered … 已经遭受…
例句:He has suffered a lot in his life, but he still manages to keep going. 他一生遭受了很多,但他仍然设法继续前进。
英文小作文:
My Journey of Growth
Throughout my life, I have been faced with many challenges and difficulties. I have kept on pushing forward, enduring hardships and learning from them. I am always interested in reading books about history because it reminds me of the importance of perseverance and growth. I have finished cleaning my room, which means I am able to create a clean and organized space for myself. I am about to leave for Europe next week, which will provide me with an opportunity to expand my horizons and experience new cultures. Keeping going and pushing forward is what life is all about. No matter what challenges lie ahead, I will continue to work hard and strive for my goals.
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