hostilities

hostilities的音标为：[ˈhɒstɪlətiːz]，其基本翻译为“敌对，战争行为”。速记技巧为：hostility（敌意）+ s（复数）→敌对。

Hostilities的词源：

Hostilities这个词源于拉丁语，意为“敌对行为”或“战争状态”。它的词根“hostis”意为“敌人”或“敌对者”，因此，“hostilities”意为敌对行为或战争状态。

变化形式：

Hostilities可以转化为名词形式，如hostile（敌对的）和hostility（敌意）。此外，它还可以作为形容词使用，如hostilely（敌意的）和hostility（有敌意的）。

相关单词：

1. conflict：冲突，与hostilities同源，都表示敌对行为。

2. war：战争，与hostilities有相似之处，都表示敌对行为的结果。

3. enemy：敌人，与hostilities中的“hostis”同源，表示敌对方。

4. aggression：侵略，与hostilities中的“aggression”同源，表示主动的敌对行为。

5. hostility：敌意，与hostilities本身同源，表示对某人的敌意或敌对态度。

6. belligerence：交战状态，与hostilities中的“belligerent”同源，表示战争状态。

7. hostage：人质，与hostilities中的“host”有关，表示被用作人质的某人或某物。

8. retaliation：报复，与hostilities中的“retaliate”有关，表示对敌对行为的报复。

9. hostility-reduction-treaty：减少敌意条约，与hostilities中的“reduction”有关，表示减少敌意的条约或协议。

10. peacekeeping：维持和平，与hostilities中的“peace”有关，表示维持和平状态的行动或任务。

常用短语：

1. hostility towards (sb/sth) 对(某人/某事物)的敌意

2. show hostility 表现敌意

3. under hostile circumstances 在敌对的环境下

4. hostile takeover 敌意收购

5. hostile attitude 敌对态度

6. hostile environment 敌对环境

7. hostile actions 敌对行为

双语例句：

1. The two countries have long-standing hostilities that have prevented them from working together. （这两个国家长期存在敌意，阻碍了他们之间的合作。）

2. She showed hostility towards her boss after being passed over for a promotion. （在未能得到晋升后，她对上司表现出了敌意。）

3. They were both caught in a hostile environment when they were attacked by a group of thugs. （当他们被一群暴徒袭击时，他们都被困在了一个敌对的环境中。）

4. The company"s hostile takeover attempt was rejected by shareholders. （公司的敌意收购企图被股东们拒绝了。）

5. His hostile attitude towards his co-workers made it difficult for him to get along with them. （他对同事们的敌对态度使他难以与他们相处。）

6. The two sides are at loggerheads in the face of the hostile environment. （在敌对环境下，双方处于僵持状态。）

7. The hostile actions of the opposition party have caused widespread unrest in the country. （反对党采取的敌对行动已在全国引发了广泛的不安。）

英文小作文：

Hostility and Cooperation in Business Relationships

In business relationships, hostility and cooperation go hand in hand. Although it may be easy to fall into a pattern of hostility towards competitors or colleagues, it is essential to remember that cooperation is key to achieving success in business.

On the one hand, hostility can lead to competition and rivalry, which can sometimes drive companies to innovate and improve their products or services. However, this approach can also lead to conflicts and disputes that can damage relationships and hinder progress.

On the other hand, cooperation can lead to synergy and collaboration, which can create synergies and bring about positive outcomes for all parties involved. By working together, companies can share resources, learn from each other, and create new opportunities that would not have been possible otherwise.

Therefore, it is essential to maintain a healthy balance between hostility and cooperation in business relationships. By understanding the importance of cooperation and working together, companies can achieve success and growth in the long run.