castigates

castigate的音标为：[ˈkæstɪɡeɪt] ，基本翻译为“惩罚；责骂；申斥”，速记技巧为：惩罚(castigate)要严厉，责骂(censure)要诚恳。

castigate的英文词源是拉丁语，意为“惩罚，责罚”。其变化形式包括：

1. castigat(i)on-castigate

2. castigate-(i)ment-惩罚

3. castigat-(i)ory-惩罚的场所

相关单词：

1. punishment：由punish和ment组合而成，意为“惩罚”。

2. penalty：由pen和alty组合而成，意为“惩罚”。

3. chastise：由chast和ise组合而成，意为“惩罚，谴责”。

castigate在句子中常用来表示对某人或某事进行严厉的批评或惩罚，其含义包括指责、谴责、惩罚等。这个词在英语中比较正式，通常用于法律、政治、学术等正式场合。

常用短语：

1. castigate oneself 自我惩罚

2. be condemned for sth 因某事被谴责

3. be condemned to 注定

4. castigate sb for sth 因某事惩罚某人

5. castigate sb severely 严厉惩罚某人

6. be punished severely for sth 因某事受到严厉惩罚

7. be condemned and punished 同时被谴责和惩罚

例句：

1. He was castigated by his boss for being late again.

2. She was condemned to a long prison term for drug trafficking.

3. The teacher castigated the students for their poor academic performance.

4. The police castigate the driver for speeding.

5. He was condemned and punished for his irresponsible behavior.

6. She was castigated severely by her parents for her bad decision.

英文小作文：

When we make mistakes, we need to be punished to remind ourselves of our mistakes and learn from them. However, we should also be aware of the importance of self-reflection and forgiveness, which can help us move forward and become better people. Punishment should not be the only way to correct our mistakes, but it is still necessary to maintain social order and justice. In addition, we should not only blame ourselves for our mistakes, but also take responsibility for our actions and learn from them to avoid making similar mistakes in the future.