goitre

goitre的音标为[ˈɡəʊɪtə(r)]，基本翻译为“乳房下垂”，速记技巧为：乳房下垂（goitre）——锅（go）易（i）塌（tare）。

Goitre, 意为甲状腺肿, 其英文词源来自于拉丁语 "goiterus", 由 "gaude" (高兴) 和 "tus" (肿块) 组成。这个词源于希腊语 "γότιρος", 意为甲状腺。

变化形式：复数形式为 "goitres" 或 "goiters"。

相关单词：

1. "goiter"：甲状腺结节，与 goitre 同源，但通常更常用于描述单个的甲状腺结节。

2. "thyroid"：甲状腺，这个词直接源自希腊语 "θυρραιον" 或 "θυρεον", 意为“喉”。

3. "hyperthyroidism"：甲状腺机能亢进，源自希腊语 "ὑπέρ" (hyper-，表示超过) 和 "θυρεοειδής" (甲状腺的)。

4. "hypothyroidism"：甲状腺机能减退，源自希腊语 "hypo-" (表示低于) 和 "θυρεοειδής" (甲状腺的)。

5. "thyroiditis"：甲状腺炎，这个词由 "thyroid" (甲状腺) 和 "itis" (炎症) 组成。

6. "goitrogenous"：甲状腺肿的，表示可能导致甲状腺肿的食物或药物。

7. "thyrotoxic"：甲状腺毒性的，表示对甲状腺有毒性的。

8. "thyroglossal"：甲状腺与舌根相连的，描述甲状腺的生长方式。

9. "thyroidectomy"：甲状腺切除术，指切除甲状腺的手术。

10. "thyroidologist"：甲状腺专家，专门研究或治疗甲状腺疾病的医生。

常用短语：

1. goitre (n.) 甲状腺肿大

2. goitroid (adj.) 甲状腺肿大的

3. goitrous (adj.) 甲状腺肿的

4. goitre-like (adj.) 甲状腺肿状的

5. goitrogenic (adj.) 甲状腺肿的生成原因

6. goitrogenic factors (n.) 甲状腺肿生成因素

7. goitrogenic agents (n.) 甲状腺肿生成剂

双语例句：

1. She has a noticeable goitre, which is caused by an excessive production of thyroid hormones.

2. The patient has a goitre that is likely to be goitroid in nature, and requires further investigation.

3. The goitre on her neck is a result of her thyroid gland being overactive, causing an excess production of thyroid hormones.

4. The patient has a goitre-like condition that requires treatment with medication or surgery.

5. The goitrogenic factors in her diet are likely to be the cause of her goitre, and she should eliminate them from her diet.

6. The patient"s goitre is a result of an autoimmune disorder, where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland causing it to swell up.

7. The doctor prescribed a goitrogenic agent to the patient to treat her goitre, which is an excess production of thyroid hormones in the body.

英文小作文：

The thyroid gland, located at the front of the neck, plays a crucial role in maintaining body metabolism and growth. However, when the thyroid gland becomes overactive or underactive, it can lead to various health problems, including goitre.

Goitre is a condition where the thyroid gland enlarges and protrudes from the neck, causing visible swelling. It can be caused by an excessive production of thyroid hormones or due to an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland.

The treatment for goitre varies depending on the cause. If it is caused by an excessive production of thyroid hormones, medication or surgery may be necessary to regulate the thyroid function. On the other hand, if it is due to an autoimmune disorder, treatment may include medications that suppress the immune system or immunotherapy to reduce the autoimmune response.

Regular check-ups with a doctor are essential to monitor thyroid function and detect any early signs of goitre. Understanding the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, is crucial to maintaining good thyroid health.