anthropology

anthropology的音标是[ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒi]，基本翻译是“人类学”。

速记技巧：以“an”开头的单词通常表示“某一类人或事物”，而“th”组合通常表示“学术或研究”，因此这个单词可以快速记忆为“研究人类的一门学术”。

Anthropology这个词源自希腊语词根“anthropos”，意为“人”，而后接“logos”，意为“研究”。因此，这个词的含义就是对人类的研究。

变化形式：在英语中，Anthropology经历了几个词形变化。例如，它被写作“Anthropologium”和“Anthropology”等，这些变化反映了其词源的古老性和其作为一门学科的演变。

相关单词：

1. Physical anthropology：体质人类学，研究人类生物学和进化。

2. Cultural anthropology：文化人类学，研究人类社会的文化、习俗和历史。

3. Social anthropology：社会人类学，研究人类社会的结构、互动和变迁。

4. Prehistoric anthropology：史前人类学，研究人类史前时期的考古学和人类进化。

5. Applied anthropology：应用人类学，研究人类学在实践中的应用，如社区发展、文化保护和人类健康。

6. Biological anthropology：生物人类学，研究人类的生物学和演化，与体质人类学有所重叠，但更侧重于生物学。

7. Anatomical anthropology：解剖人类学，研究人类的骨骼和解剖结构。

8. Ethnography：民族志，研究特定文化或群体的生活方式和习俗。与文化人类学密切相关。

9. Ethnology：人种学，研究人类群体的社会结构和文化特征。与文化人类学密切相关。

10. Pre-Columbian anthropology：哥伦布前时期的人类学，研究美洲印第安人的历史和文化，在哥伦布发现美洲大陆之前。

以上这些单词都是anthropology这个学科的分支，涵盖了人类的生物学、社会学、文化等多个方面。

常用短语：

1. study anthropology 攻读人类学

2. anthropological theory 人类学理论

3. cultural anthropology 文化人类学

4. biological anthropology 生物人类学

5. archaeological anthropology 考古人类学

6. human behavior anthropology 人类行为人类学

7. social anthropology 社会人类学

双语例句：

1. I am studying anthropology because I am interested in understanding human behavior and culture. (我正在攻读人类学，因为我对理解人类行为和文化感兴趣。)

2. The anthropological research has provided valuable insights into the lives of ancient peoples. (人类学研究为我们提供了对古代人民生活的宝贵洞察。)

3. The archaeological anthropologist has discovered many artifacts that shed light on the history of our species. (考古人类学家发现了许多文物，这些文物揭示了我们物种的历史。)

4. Cultural anthropology has taught me to appreciate the differences between cultures and to respect them. (文化人类学教会了我欣赏不同文化之间的差异，并尊重它们。)

5. Social anthropology has given me an understanding of how people interact and form communities. (社会人类学让我理解了人们如何互动和形成社区。)

6. The study of biological anthropology has taught me about the evolution of human beings and the role of genetics in our lives. (生物学人类学的研究教会了我人类的进化以及遗传学在我们生活中的作用。)

7. The field of anthropology has come a long way since my undergraduate days, with new fields and perspectives being added all the time. (自从我本科时代以来，人类学领域已经取得了长足的进步，不断有新的领域和视角被添加进来。)

英文小作文：

When we think of anthropology, we often associate it with studying human beings and their cultures. However, this discipline is much more than that, as it encompasses a wide range of fields that explore different aspects of human existence.

One of the most interesting aspects of anthropology is its emphasis on understanding human behavior and social interactions. By studying how people interact with each other and form communities, we can gain valuable insights into human nature and the dynamics of social relationships. This knowledge can help us better understand ourselves and others, leading to more empathetic and compassionate interactions in our daily lives.

Another important aspect of anthropology is its focus on cultural diversity and the ways in which different cultures shape our lives and perspectives. By studying different cultures, we can appreciate their unique values, beliefs, and practices, and learn to respect and value cultural differences. This knowledge can help us develop a more inclusive and tolerant worldview, fostering greater understanding and harmony among diverse groups of people.

Finally, anthropology has also contributed to our understanding of the evolution of human beings and the role of genetics in our ancestry. By studying the fossil record and genetic studies, we can gain valuable insights into our origins and the processes that shaped our species over time. This knowledge can help us better understand our past and prepare for our future, fostering a sense of pride and belonging among members of our species.

In conclusion, anthropology is a fascinating discipline that encompasses a wide range of fields that explore different aspects of human existence. Its emphasis on understanding human behavior, cultural diversity, and evolution has contributed to our understanding of ourselves and our world, fostering a more inclusive and compassionate society.