ethnography

ethnography的音标为[ɪ"θnəʊgrəfɪ]，基本翻译为“人种志学”、“人种志”，速记技巧为：研究不同民族的文化、习俗、信仰等。

Ethnography这个词的词源可以追溯到希腊语词根“ethnos”，意为民族或种族，再加上“graphein”，意为写作或描述。因此，这个词的含义就是对一个民族或种族进行描述和研究的学科。

它的变化形式主要有其复数形式“ethnographies”和其过去分词形式“ethnographed”。

相关单词有：

1. “ethnic” - 源自希腊语词根，意为民族的，与ethnography相关，常用于描述具有共同民族背景的人群。

2. “cultural anthropology” - 是一门学科，也涉及到对民族文化的描述和研究，与ethnography有相似之处。

3. “indigenous” - 意为本土的，本土居民，也与ethnography相关，因为ethnography主要研究本土文化。

4. “ethnology” - 意为民族学，是一门研究民族或种族的学科，与ethnography有相似之处。

5. “ethnographic” - 意为民族志的，常用于描述对民族或种族的描述和研究。

6. “ethnographic literature” - 意为民族志文学，是一种以描述和研究民族文化为主题的文学形式。

7. “ethnographic research” - 意为民族志研究，是一种对民族文化进行深入研究的手段和方法。

8. “ethnographic record” - 意为民族志记录，是一种对民族文化进行记录和保存的方式。

9. “ethnographic film” - 意为民族志电影，是一种以电影的形式对民族文化进行记录和传播的方式。

10. “ethnographic writing” - 意为民族志写作，是一种以文字的形式对民族文化进行描述和研究的方式。

Ethnography的常用短语：

1. ethnographic research 民族志研究

2. fieldwork ethnography 实地调查民族志

3. detailed ethnography 详尽的民族志

4. cultural anthropology and ethnography 文化人类学与民族志

5. cross-cultural ethnography 跨文化民族志

6. comparative ethnography 比较民族志

7. methodological ethnography 方法论民族志

双语例句：

1. We conducted ethnographic research to understand the customers" needs. 我们进行了民族志研究以了解客户的需求。

2. Fieldwork ethnography is a valuable tool for understanding a culture"s values and beliefs. 实地调查民族志是一种了解一个文化的价值观和信仰的有价值的工具。

3. Detailed ethnography helps us identify the key factors that drive behavior. 详尽的民族志帮助我们识别驱动行为的关键因素。

4. Cross-cultural ethnography has shown that differences in culture can have a significant impact on behavior. 跨文化民族志表明，文化的差异可以对行为产生重大影响。

5. Methodological ethnography is essential for gaining a deep understanding of a phenomenon or process. 对于深入理解一个现象或过程来说，方法论民族志是至关重要的。

6. We need to conduct comparative ethnography to understand how other cultures deal with similar issues. 我们需要进行比较民族志研究以了解其他文化如何处理类似问题。

7. The study of human behavior is enriched by the insights gained through methodological and cross-cultural ethnography. 通过方法论和跨文化民族志研究所获得的洞察力使对人类行为的研究更加丰富。

英文小作文：

When conducting ethnographic research, we need to be aware of the cultural differences that exist between individuals and groups. This helps us understand how people think, behave, and interact with each other in different contexts and situations. Through fieldwork, we can observe how people express themselves, how they communicate, and how they make decisions and solve problems in their daily lives. This helps us gain a deeper understanding of their culture and values, which can be helpful in developing products and services that are tailored to their needs and preferences. In addition, we can learn from other cultures by conducting comparative ethnography, which helps us understand how other groups deal with similar issues and challenges. This can help us develop more inclusive and sustainable products and services that are tailored to different cultures and communities around the world.