hypothesis

hypothesis的音标是[ˌhaɪˈpɒθɪsɪs]，基本翻译是“假设；假说”，速记技巧是“hap”可以联想到“happen”这个单词，而“thesis”可以联想到“ess”这个单词。

Hypothesis这个词的词源可以追溯到古希腊语，意为“假设”、“前提”。它的变化形式包括复数形式hypotheses，过去式和过去分词形式hypothesized或hypothesied，现在分词形式hypothesizing。

相关单词：

1. Theory（理论）：这个词也源自希腊语，与Hypothesis有相似的含义，都表示对事物本质的假设或解释。

2. Conjecture（猜测）：这个词表示对未知事物的推测，其词源也与Hypothesis有关。

3. Postulate（假定）：这个词表示需要假设或推断的前提，其词源与Hypothesis有相似之处。

4. Prediction（预测）：这个词的含义是对未来事件的假设或推测，其词源与Hypothesis有一定关系。

5. Assumption（假设）：这个词表示对某件事情的接受或承认，其词源与Hypothesis密切相关。

以上这些单词都与Hypothesis有密切的联系，它们都表示对事物本质、未来事件或未知事实的推测或假设。这些单词在英语中广泛应用，是语言的重要组成部分。

常用短语：

1. hypothesis test

2. null hypothesis

3. alternative hypothesis

4. hypothesis generation

5. hypothesis-testing procedure

6. hypothesis-testing method

7. null hypothesis rejected

双语例句：

1. We conducted a hypothesis test to determine whether the drug was effective.

2. The null hypothesis was rejected after the experiment, indicating that the drug was effective.

3. The hypothesis-testing method was used to evaluate the accuracy of the data.

4. The hypothesis generation process led to the discovery of a new theory.

5. The hypothesis-testing procedure helped us identify the cause of the problem.

6. The alternative hypothesis was supported by the data, indicating that there was a new factor involved.

7. The hypothesis-testing method helped us understand the impact of various factors on the outcome.

英文小作文：

Title: Hypothesis Testing in Science

Hypothesis testing is a fundamental tool in science that helps us understand the relationship between variables and their effects on outcomes. It is a method that involves testing a null hypothesis, which is a statement that assumes a certain condition is true, against an alternative hypothesis, which is an explanation that explains why the null hypothesis may not be true. Through hypothesis testing, we can determine whether there is evidence to support or reject a hypothesis, and thus make informed decisions about scientific research and experiments.

In practice, hypothesis testing is used in various fields, including biology, chemistry, and physics. It helps us identify patterns and trends in data, identify causal relationships between variables, and evaluate the accuracy of scientific experiments and observations. By using hypothesis testing, we can gain a deeper understanding of the world around us and develop new theories and hypotheses that can lead to innovative scientific discoveries and advancements.