extravasation

extravasation的音标为：英 [ˌekstrəˈveɪsɪeɪʃn] 美 [ˌekstrəˈveɪsɪeɪʃn]。

基本翻译为“外渗；外溢”。

速记技巧为：extravasate（v.外渗；外溢）→ation（表示行为）。

例句：The drug extravasated in the tissue and caused tissue damage. 药物渗漏到组织中并导致组织损伤。

extravasation这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语和希腊语，具体来说，它是由“extra”和“vasum”两个词组合而成的。其中，“extra”意为“超出”，“vasum”意为“容器”。因此，extravasation的含义就是指血液溢出血管，进入组织间隙。

extravasation的变化形式主要有词形变化，比如在表示“渗出”这一含义时，通常会使用过去分词extravasated或者现在分词extravasating的形式。

相关单词方面，与extravasation相关的词汇有很多，例如：

1. vascular - 血管的，与extravasation形成对比，表示血管的正常功能。

2. hematoma - 血肿，一种由于血管破裂导致的组织肿胀。

3. oozing - 渗出，表示轻微的血液或液体流出。

4. exudate - 漏出物，通常指液体如体液或血液的漏出。

5. congestion - 淤血，表示血液在血管中积聚，可能由于血管压力过大或血液流动受阻。

6. hemorrhage - 出血，表示大量的血液流出。

7. extrusion - 挤出，表示将物质从血管中挤出。

8. effusion - 渗出物，表示液体从体内渗出。

9. expanse - 扩展，可以用来描述血液或其他液体的溢出范围。

10. ooziness - 渗出的性质或状态，可以用来描述血液或其他液体的流动性。

extravasation的常用短语：

1. extravasate into the tissues 血管外渗入组织

2. extravasate blood 血液外渗

3. extravasate blood from the nose 鼻出血

4. extravasate blood from the skin 皮肤出血

5. extravasate into the brain 脑出血

6. extravasate into the lungs 肺出血

7. extravasate into the liver 肝出血

例句：

1. The patient"s blood began to extravasate from the arm after surgery. 手术后，病人的血液开始从手臂渗出。

2. The patient"s blood began to extravasate from the foot after a fall. 病人从高处跌落之后，血液开始从脚部渗出。

英文小作文：

Extravasation is a common medical condition that occurs when blood vessels in the body leak or break, allowing blood to leak outside of its normal location. It can occur in various parts of the body, including the arms, legs, lungs, liver, and brain. Extravasation can be painful and can lead to tissue damage and infection if not treated promptly.

In my experience as a medical student, I have seen several cases of extravasation during my rotations in different specialties. One of the most common scenarios was when a patient received an IV infusion of a medication that caused extravasation in their arm. The patient experienced severe pain and discomfort, and it took several hours for the medication to be flushed out of the arm and the pain to subside.

Fortunately, there are several ways to treat extravasation, including compression dressings, anti-inflammatory medications, and anticoagulants. By promptly recognizing and treating extravasation, patients can reduce the risk of long-term complications and improve their overall health outcomes.